Larynx anatomy Flashcards
In what fascia is the larynx located?
Pretracheal fascia, anteriorly
What sits beside the pre tracheal fascia?
Carotid sheaths
What are the four strap muscles in the visceral layer of the pre tracheal fascia?
Sternohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
At what vertebral levels is the larynx found?
C4-C6
Between what two structures is the laryngopharynx found?
Epiglottis to the oesophagus
What is the vertebra prominens?
C7, first palpable cervical vertebrae
At what level does the larynx become the trachea?
C6
Which nasal wall is most featured?
Lateral
What is the trachea made of?
Hyaline cartilage
What is the muscle at the posterior trachea called?
Trachealis
What is superior:
Thyroid cartilage or cricoid cartilage?
Thyroid
What cartilage does the vocal cords attach to posteriorly?
Aretynoid cartilage
What is the laryngeal prominence also called?
Adams apple
What do the vocal cords attach to anteriorly?
Thyroid cartilage
What is the rima glottidis?
Opening of the vocal cords
Where is the vallecula?
Depression between the tongue and epiglottis
What type of mucosa is the larynx lined with?
Respiratory epithelium
What kind of cells line the vocal cords?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What nerve supplies sensory innervation above the vocal cord?
Laryngeal branch of CNX
What nerve supplies the sensory innervation to the vocal fold and inferior?
Recurrent laryngeal branch of CNX
What nerve supplies the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?
Vagus nerve CNX
Which muscle causes the vocal cords to tense?
Cricothyroid
Which muscle relaxes the vocal cords?
Thyro-arytenoid muscles
How does the thyro-arytenoid muscle relax the vocal cords?
Pulls the arytenoid cartilage posteriorly toward the thyroid cartilage anteriorly
What is the muscle called between the thyro-arytenoid and the vocal cords?
Vocalis muscle
Which muscle adducts the vocal cords?
Lateral crico-arytenoid
How are the vocal cords adducted?
Aretynoid cartilages are rotated so that the vocal processes join medially
How are the arytenoid muscles related to the rima glottidis?
Rima glottidis is closed when arytenoid muscles contract.
What muscle helps to abduct the vocal cords?
Posterior crico-aretynoid
How does the rima glottidis change when whispering?
What muscle causes this change?
Minimally open
Lateral crico-arytenoid
How is the vagus nerve tested clinically?
Normal cough
No hoarseness
Normal swallow reflex
What is in the carotid sheath?
Internal jugular vein
Common carotid artery
Deep cervical nodes
Vagus nerve
