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ENT > Larynx anatomy > Flashcards

Larynx anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

In what fascia is the larynx located?

A

Pretracheal fascia, anteriorly

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2
Q

What sits beside the pre tracheal fascia?

A

Carotid sheaths

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3
Q

What are the four strap muscles in the visceral layer of the pre tracheal fascia?

A

Sternohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid

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4
Q

At what vertebral levels is the larynx found?

A

C4-C6

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5
Q

Between what two structures is the laryngopharynx found?

A

Epiglottis to the oesophagus

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6
Q

What is the vertebra prominens?

A

C7, first palpable cervical vertebrae

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7
Q

At what level does the larynx become the trachea?

A

C6

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8
Q

Which nasal wall is most featured?

A

Lateral

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9
Q

What is the trachea made of?

A

Hyaline cartilage

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10
Q

What is the muscle at the posterior trachea called?

A

Trachealis

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11
Q

What is superior:

Thyroid cartilage or cricoid cartilage?

A

Thyroid

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12
Q

What cartilage does the vocal cords attach to posteriorly?

A

Aretynoid cartilage

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13
Q

What is the laryngeal prominence also called?

A

Adams apple

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14
Q

What do the vocal cords attach to anteriorly?

A

Thyroid cartilage

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15
Q

What is the rima glottidis?

A

Opening of the vocal cords

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16
Q

Where is the vallecula?

A

Depression between the tongue and epiglottis

17
Q

What type of mucosa is the larynx lined with?

A

Respiratory epithelium

18
Q

What kind of cells line the vocal cords?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

19
Q

What nerve supplies sensory innervation above the vocal cord?

A

Laryngeal branch of CNX

20
Q

What nerve supplies the sensory innervation to the vocal fold and inferior?

A

Recurrent laryngeal branch of CNX

21
Q

What nerve supplies the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?

A

Vagus nerve CNX

22
Q

Which muscle causes the vocal cords to tense?

A

Cricothyroid

23
Q

Which muscle relaxes the vocal cords?

A

Thyro-arytenoid muscles

24
Q

How does the thyro-arytenoid muscle relax the vocal cords?

A

Pulls the arytenoid cartilage posteriorly toward the thyroid cartilage anteriorly

25
Q

What is the muscle called between the thyro-arytenoid and the vocal cords?

A

Vocalis muscle

26
Q

Which muscle adducts the vocal cords?

A

Lateral crico-arytenoid

27
Q

How are the vocal cords adducted?

A

Aretynoid cartilages are rotated so that the vocal processes join medially

28
Q

How are the arytenoid muscles related to the rima glottidis?

A

Rima glottidis is closed when arytenoid muscles contract.

29
Q

What muscle helps to abduct the vocal cords?

A

Posterior crico-aretynoid

30
Q

How does the rima glottidis change when whispering?

What muscle causes this change?

A

Minimally open

Lateral crico-arytenoid

31
Q

How is the vagus nerve tested clinically?

A

Normal cough
No hoarseness
Normal swallow reflex

32
Q

What is in the carotid sheath?

A

Internal jugular vein
Common carotid artery
Deep cervical nodes
Vagus nerve

ENT (16 decks)

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