trauma

Question 1

classification for shock

Answer 1

stage 1 - less the 750 mL of blood loss with minimal changes in VS
stage 2 - hr 100-120, bp same, Uop 20-30 ml/hr (slightly reduced)
stage 3 - hr 120-140, bp DECREASED, UOP 5-15 ml/hour
stage 4 - hr greater 140, bp decreased, UOP scarce

Question 2

gcs -

Answer 2

look up page 180

Question 3

zones of the neck, what is in each zone?

Answer 3

zone 1 - thoracic inlet to cricoid cartilage (has the lung, etc)
zone 2 - cricoid to angle of mandible
zone 3 - angle of mandible to base of the skull
zone 1 and 3 are more difficult to access,
zone 2 - used to indicate surgical exploration due
look up what is in each zone
has the highest mortality

Question 4

zmc fracture classification

Answer 4

zingg
A- incomplete
A1- isolated arch
A2 - isolated lateral wall
A3 - isolated inferior orbital rim
B - all 4 buttresses (traditional zmc)
C - comminution of zygomatic bones

Question 5

classification for frontal sinus fractures

Answer 5

Gonty’s classification
1- anterior table
2- anterior and posterior
3- posterior
4 - comminuted

Question 6

when to do a lateral canthotomy?

Answer 6

vision changes with proptosis/ct finding of retrobulbar - yes
elevated IOP with vision changes
(both awake patient)
and obtunded patient with IOP over 30
this is an easy procedure with low consequence therefore can have a low threshold for doing it.
know how to repair

Question 7

pots puffy tumor

Answer 7

look up but mucopyocerle with osteomyelitis acc to MO from OSFC

Question 8

what is white eyed fracture (peds)

Answer 8

orbital blowout/entrapment fracture seen on children that is easy to miss via physical exam and CT

Question 9

ct scan of the chest, Pulmonary artery, hemoptysis

Answer 9

PE - then know wells criteria, etc.