Transportation In Plants

Question 1

Father of plant physiology is

Answer 1

Stephan Hales.

Question 2

Father of Indian plant physiology is

Answer 2

J.C.Bose

Question 3

What is translocation?

Answer 3

Transport over longer distances proceeds through the vascular system and is called as translocation.

Question 4

In rooted plants, transport in xylem is essentially _________ from ____to_____.

Answer 4

Unidirectional.

From roots to stem.

Question 5

Organic and mineral nutrients undergo _______ uni/ multi directional transport.

Answer 5

Multidirectional.

Question 6

Movement through diffusion is 
1️⃣Passive 
2️⃣Not dependent on living system 
3️⃣Over short distances 
4️⃣All of these.

Answer 6

All of these.

Question 7

Diffusion is obvious in gases and liquid but diffusion IN solids rather than OF solids is more likely.
(T/F)

Answer 7

In solids means b/w the molecules of solid

Of solids means b/w 2 solids.

Question 8

Facilitated diffusion does not set up a concentration gradient.
(T/F)

Answer 8

True.
A concentration gradient must already be present for molecules to diffuse even if facilitated by the proteins.

After all fiacilitated diffusion is a type of diffusion.

Question 9

Facilitated diffusion can not cause net transport of molecules from low to high concentration.
(T/F)

Answer 9

True.

As this requires energy but facilitated diffusion is a passive process.

Question 10

Which of these can be seen by Facilitated diffusion
◾️Saturation
◾️Very specific
◾️Sensitive to inhibitors

Answer 10

All of these.

• Saturation = transport rate reaches max. when all the protein transports are being used.
• Specific = allows cell to select substances for uptake
• Sensitive to inhibitors which react with protein side chains.

Question 11

Porins are proteins that _________.

Answer 11

Porins are proteins that form large pores in outer membrane of plastids, mitochondrion and some bacteria allowing molecules upto the size of small proteins to pass through .

Question 12

Water channels are made of

Answer 12

8 different types of aquaporins.

Question 13

Select incorrect match with respect to; transport of molecules (cross the membrane in):
1️⃣Symport -the same direction.
2️⃣Antiport - opposite direction.
3️⃣Uniport - 1 molecule moves across the membrane independent of ……… other molecules .
4️⃣None of these

Answer 13

None of these.

Question 14

Active transport is 🔹Very specific, 🔹Saturated and 🔹Sensitive to inhibitors.
Yes/ No

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

What are pumps?

Answer 15

Pumps are proteins that use energy to carry substances across the cell membrane.

Question 16

Watermelon 🍉 has over ___% water.

Answer 16

92%

Question 17

Most herbaceous plants have only about ___-___% of its fresh weight as dry matter.

Answer 17

10-15%

That means 85-90% is water.

Question 18

Mature corn 🌽 plant absorbs almost ____litres of water in a day.

Answer 18

5 liters

Question 19

___________is often a limiting factor for plant growth and productivity in both agricultural and natural environments.

Answer 19

Water.

Bcz of its high demand( in a plant body).

Question 20

_____&_____are the two main components that determine water potential.

Answer 20

Solute potential and pressure potential.

Question 21

_________ has greatest water potential.

Answer 21

Pure water.💧

Water potential of pure water is 0, under standard temperatures, which is not under any pressure.

Question 22

More the solute molecules, ______ is the solute potential.

Answer 22

The lower (more -ve) is the solute potential.
# solute potential is always -ve.

Question 23

In plants cells, _______and _______ together are important determinants of movement of molecules in and out of cell.

Answer 23

Cell membrane

Tonoplast ( membrane of vacuole)

Question 24

The net direction and rate of osmosis depends on both the _____&______ gradient.

Answer 24

Pressure and concentration gradient.

Question 25

Cells _____in hypotonic solution and ______ in hypertonic solution.

Answer 25

Swell in hypotonic and shrink in hypertonic solution.

Question 26

What’s plasmolysis?

Answer 26

When water moves out of the cell and the cell membrane of the plant cell shrinks away from its cell wall.

Question 27

The pressure exerted by the protoplast due to entry of water against the rigid walls is called __________.

Answer 27

Pressure potential.

Refer pg. 182 [ncert].

Question 28

________ is a special type of diffusion when is absorbed by solids - colloids - causing them to increase in volume.

Answer 28

Imbibition.

Question 29

What is imbibition?

Answer 29

It’s a special type of diffusion and physical process in which adsorption of water by hydrophilic protoplasmic substances & cell wall constituents occurs WITHOUT FORMING SOLUTION.

Question 30

Imbibant is __________.

Answer 30

Substance on which water molecules are adsorbed.

E.g. dry wood.

Question 31

Imbibate is ________.

Answer 31

Molecule that is adsorbed.

E.g., Water.

Question 32

Arrange the following in order on decreasing imbibing capacity.
Agar agar , pectin, Starch, proteins, Cellulose , lignin

Answer 32

Agar agar > proteins > pectin > starch > cellulose > lignin.

• agar agar is a jelly like substance. It can imbibe 99 times its weight of water.
• imbibition is absent in hydrophobic substances like lignin.

Question 33

Factors affecting imbibition are?

Answer 33

◾️Affinity for water.
◾️Gradient
◾️Temperature
◾️Pressure- *pressure applied ON IMBIBANT reduces the rate .
*pressure applied ON IMBIBATE increases the rate of imbibition.
◾️Electrolytes- reduce the rate by neutralising the residual charge present over the surface.

Question 34

Select the wrong option wrt; Water moves from 
1️⃣Higher DP to lower
2️⃣Lower OP to higher 
3️⃣Lower DPD to higher
4️⃣Higher water potential to lower 
5️⃣Less -ve water potential to more -ve 
6️⃣Higher TP to lower
7️⃣Hypotonic to hypertonic 
8️⃣Lower solute conc. To higher

Answer 34

All are correct.

Question 35

Movement of water across a typical plant cell of size( about 50μm ) takes approximately ________sec.

Answer 35

2.5sec

Question 36

One meter transport through diffusion will take ______.

Answer 36

32 years

Question 37

__________is the suitable soil for healthy growth of plants.

Answer 37

Loam soil.

Question 38

What are phreophytes?

Answer 38

Very few plants can send their roots upto fringe of water table. Such plants are called phreophytes.
for example : populus deltoides, prosopis, tamarix, alhagi.

Question 39

Study of soil is called

Answer 39

Pedology/ edaphology.

Question 40

Development of soil is called

Answer 40

Pedogenesis.

Question 41

Only ______ form of water is available to plants for uptake.

Answer 41

Capillary water.

Question 42

What is capillary water?

Answer 42

Water which is held inside the soil micro pores (size 20 μm or below) as thin films.

Question 43

What’s field capacity?

Answer 43

All types of water(soil water) except runaway and gravitational water.
* 25-35% in common loam soil.