Transportation In Plants Flashcards
Father of plant physiology is
Stephan Hales.
Father of Indian plant physiology is
J.C.Bose
What is translocation?
Transport over longer distances proceeds through the vascular system and is called as translocation.
In rooted plants, transport in xylem is essentially _________ from ____to_____.
Unidirectional.
From roots to stem.
Organic and mineral nutrients undergo _______ uni/ multi directional transport.
Multidirectional.
Movement through diffusion is 1️⃣Passive 2️⃣Not dependent on living system 3️⃣Over short distances 4️⃣All of these.
All of these.
Diffusion is obvious in gases and liquid but diffusion IN solids rather than OF solids is more likely.
(T/F)
In solids means b/w the molecules of solid
Of solids means b/w 2 solids.
Facilitated diffusion does not set up a concentration gradient.
(T/F)
True.
A concentration gradient must already be present for molecules to diffuse even if facilitated by the proteins.
After all fiacilitated diffusion is a type of diffusion.
Facilitated diffusion can not cause net transport of molecules from low to high concentration.
(T/F)
True.
As this requires energy but facilitated diffusion is a passive process.
Which of these can be seen by Facilitated diffusion
◾️Saturation
◾️Very specific
◾️Sensitive to inhibitors
All of these.
- Saturation = transport rate reaches max. when all the protein transports are being used.
- Specific = allows cell to select substances for uptake
- Sensitive to inhibitors which react with protein side chains.
Porins are proteins that _________.
Porins are proteins that form large pores in outer membrane of plastids, mitochondrion and some bacteria allowing molecules upto the size of small proteins to pass through .
Water channels are made of
8 different types of aquaporins.
Select incorrect match with respect to; transport of molecules (cross the membrane in):
1️⃣Symport -the same direction.
2️⃣Antiport - opposite direction.
3️⃣Uniport - 1 molecule moves across the membrane independent of ……… other molecules .
4️⃣None of these
None of these.
Active transport is 🔹Very specific, 🔹Saturated and 🔹Sensitive to inhibitors.
Yes/ No
Yes
What are pumps?
Pumps are proteins that use energy to carry substances across the cell membrane.
Watermelon 🍉 has over ___% water.
92%
Most herbaceous plants have only about ___-___% of its fresh weight as dry matter.
10-15%
That means 85-90% is water.
Mature corn 🌽 plant absorbs almost ____litres of water in a day.
5 liters
___________is often a limiting factor for plant growth and productivity in both agricultural and natural environments.
Water.
Bcz of its high demand( in a plant body).
_____&_____are the two main components that determine water potential.
Solute potential and pressure potential.
_________ has greatest water potential.
Pure water.💧
Water potential of pure water is 0, under standard temperatures, which is not under any pressure.
More the solute molecules, ______ is the solute potential.
The lower (more -ve) is the solute potential. # solute potential is always -ve.
In plants cells, _______and _______ together are important determinants of movement of molecules in and out of cell.
Cell membrane
Tonoplast ( membrane of vacuole)
The net direction and rate of osmosis depends on both the _____&______ gradient.
Pressure and concentration gradient.
Cells _____in hypotonic solution and ______ in hypertonic solution.
Swell in hypotonic and shrink in hypertonic solution.
What’s plasmolysis?
When water moves out of the cell and the cell membrane of the plant cell shrinks away from its cell wall.
The pressure exerted by the protoplast due to entry of water against the rigid walls is called __________.
Pressure potential.
Refer pg. 182 [ncert].
________ is a special type of diffusion when is absorbed by solids - colloids - causing them to increase in volume.
Imbibition.
What is imbibition?
It’s a special type of diffusion and physical process in which adsorption of water by hydrophilic protoplasmic substances & cell wall constituents occurs WITHOUT FORMING SOLUTION.
Imbibant is __________.
Substance on which water molecules are adsorbed.
E.g. dry wood.
Imbibate is ________.
Molecule that is adsorbed.
E.g., Water.
Arrange the following in order on decreasing imbibing capacity.
Agar agar , pectin, Starch, proteins, Cellulose , lignin
Agar agar > proteins > pectin > starch > cellulose > lignin.
- agar agar is a jelly like substance. It can imbibe 99 times its weight of water.
- imbibition is absent in hydrophobic substances like lignin.
Factors affecting imbibition are?
◾️Affinity for water.
◾️Gradient
◾️Temperature
◾️Pressure- *pressure applied ON IMBIBANT reduces the rate .
*pressure applied ON IMBIBATE increases the rate of imbibition.
◾️Electrolytes- reduce the rate by neutralising the residual charge present over the surface.
Select the wrong option wrt; Water moves from 1️⃣Higher DP to lower 2️⃣Lower OP to higher 3️⃣Lower DPD to higher 4️⃣Higher water potential to lower 5️⃣Less -ve water potential to more -ve 6️⃣Higher TP to lower 7️⃣Hypotonic to hypertonic 8️⃣Lower solute conc. To higher
All are correct.
Movement of water across a typical plant cell of size( about 50μm ) takes approximately ________sec.
2.5sec
One meter transport through diffusion will take ______.
32 years
__________is the suitable soil for healthy growth of plants.
Loam soil.
What are phreophytes?
Very few plants can send their roots upto fringe of water table. Such plants are called phreophytes.
for example : populus deltoides, prosopis, tamarix, alhagi.
Study of soil is called
Pedology/ edaphology.
Development of soil is called
Pedogenesis.
Only ______ form of water is available to plants for uptake.
Capillary water.
What is capillary water?
Water which is held inside the soil micro pores (size 20 μm or below) as thin films.
What’s field capacity?
All types of water(soil water) except runaway and gravitational water.
* 25-35% in common loam soil.
