Morphology (ncert Based With Extras As From sth) Flashcards
True roots develop from
Radicle of a seed.
In which of the following plants will you observe buds on roots, though roots don’t bear buds? a) Indian red wood (Dalbergia). b) poplar tree. c) both of them. d) none of them.
Both of them. (From pyqs)
Root hairs are a) unicellular, endogenous. b)multicellular, endogenous. c) unicellular, exogenous. d)multicellular, exogenous.
Unicellular and exogenous [structures developing from parts other than stele (xylem,phloem,peri cycle &pith)]
Lateral roots are endogenous/exogenous and unicellular/multicellular. (From pyqs)
Multicellular & Endogenous (as they develop from peri cycle).
In hydrophytes root cap is replaced by _______
Root pockets. Root pockets have lost the property of being protective & root pockets are not regenerated unlike roots.
Conical type fleshy or storage tap root is present in?
Carrot (Daucus carota). Conical type of fleshy tap root has gradual tapering at apex & basal swollen part.
Napiform type fleshy tap root is present in?
Turnip ( Brassica rapas), beet (beta vulgaris). In napiform type, apex shows abrupt tapering.
Fusiform type fleshy tap root is found in?
Radish (Raphanus satives). Fusiform=spindle shaped.
Tuberous or tubercular type fleshytap root is present in ? (From nb)
Mirabilis jalapa. Here the shape is irregular.
Tuberculate tap roots aka nodulated tap roots are present in? (From nb)
Gram (Cicer arietenum) , pea (pisum sativum) , ground nut ( arachis hypogea) , soyabean (glycine max).
Respiratory roots or pneumatophores or aerophores occur in ?
Rhizophora growing in swampy area.
Reproductive tap roots are found in? (From nb)
Indian red wood(dalbergia), poplar(poplus alba) . Both of them bear buds on roots which can be used for vegetative reproduction.
Tuberous type adventitious root is present in?
Sweet potato (Ipomea Satatus). Out of the bunch of adventitious roots one modified into tuberous root I.e to store food.
Faciculated type adventitious roots are present in?
Asparagus(ncert), dahlia.
All the adventitious roots store food I.e are modified.
Prop roots/pillar roots are present in?
Banyan tree ( Ficus bengalensis). Also observed in ‘Rhizophora’.
What is appocarpous condition?
When carpels are free.
E.g lotus, rose.
What is syncarpous condition?
When carpels are fused.
E.g mustard, tomato
___________ is the fourth and innermost whirl of a flower.
Gynoecium.(female part of flower)
What is locular ovary or locule?
Ovary may contain a single chamber called Locule .
One chambered = unilocular ovary
Two chambered = bilocular ovary
3…= tri…
4….=tetra…
5…=penta…
More than 5 chambered = multilocular ovary.
After fertilization, _______ forms seed and ______ forms fruit.
Ovule forms seed.
Ovary forms fruit.
What is placentation?
Arrangement of ovules on placenta within the ovary.
~inside locales, the ovules are borne on a cushion like structure called as placenta.
Basal placentation is found in
Asteraceae (compositae) family including SUNFLOWER, MARIGOLD.
Trick: MaSum
Free central placentation occurs in
Primrose, dianthus.
Trick: PriDe (proud to be free)
Parietal placentation occurs in
Mustard & argemone.
Trick: Parents (parietal) ki MAr (maar)
Axile placentation occurs in
Tomato, lemon, china rose.
Trick: TLC
Marginal placentation occurs in
Pea
Direct elongation of radicle leads to formation of
Primary root
Primary root bears roots of several order k/a
Secondary, tertiary etc roots.
_______&_______ constitute tap root system.
Primary roots & its branches.
Underground stem of _______ are modified to store food in them.
Potato, ginger, turmeric, zamikand, colocasia.
Stem tendrils eg
In gourds (cucumber, pumpkins, watermelon) & grapevine.
Thorns (stem modification) occur in
Citrus & bougainvillea.
Some plants modify their stems into flattened ______ or fleshy cylindrical _______ structures. Fill with ex.
Flattened in opuntia
Fleshy cylindrical in Euphorbia
Opuntia & euphorbia have stem modification that has chlorophyll & carry out photosynthesis.
True.
Pg 68 ncert
Runner ex,
Grass & strawberries
Stolon ex
Mint & jasmine
Offset ex.
Pistia & Eichhornia (water hyacinth/ terror of bengal)
Sucker ex.
Pineapple, chrysanthemum & banana.
Trick: PCB
Select correct statements about leaf:
- Lateral, generally flattened str. Borne on stem.
- Develops at node & bears bud at axil.
- Originate from shoot apical meristem.
All r correct.
Pg 69 ncert
Most imp. Vegetative organs for photosynthesis are
Leaves
Typical leaf consists of ______ parts?
3 parts: leaf base, petiole, lamina.
Leaf is attached to stem by
Leaf base
Stipules are
2 lateral small leaf like structures near leaf base.
In ________, leaf base expands into a sheath covering the stem partially or wholly.
Monocotyledons
Pulvinus is seen in
Some leguminous plants.
Ncert pg 70: in some leguminous plants the leafbase may become swollen c/d pulvinus
Swollen leaf base is termed
Pulvinus
Functions of petiole are:
Holds the blade to light.
Long thin flexible petiole allows leaf blades to flutter in wind, therby cooling the leaf & bringing fresh air to leaf surface.
Lamina / leaf blade is
Green expanded part of leaf with veins & veinlets.
Usually a middle prominant vein occurs k/a midrib.
Veins in leaves provide
Rigidity to leaf blade, acts as channels for transport of water, minerals and food materials.
Venation?
Arrangement of veins & veinlets in the lamina of leaf.
Reticulate venation
Veins form a network.
Dicots generally possess reticulate venation.
Parallel venation
Veins run parallel to each other within lamina.
Characteristic of most monocots.
Simple leaf
Lamina is entire, or if incised, incisions do not touch midrib.
Compound leaf
Incisions reach midrib, dividing it into no. Of leaflets.
Choose correct?
- Bud is present in the axil of petiole in both simple & compound leaf.
- Not in the axil of leaflets of cmpd leaf.
Both are correct.
Cmpd leaf is of 2 types?
Pinnately cmpd & palmately cmpd leaf
Pinnately cmpd leaf occurs in
Neem
Palmately cmpd leaf occurs in
Silk cotton plant.
Leaflets r attached to common point in _______ leaf & no. Of leaflets r present on common axis (rachis) in ______ leaf.
Palmately cmpd leaf.
On rachis in pinnately cmpd leaf.
Phyllotaxy?
Pattern of arrangement of leaves on stem or branch.
Phyllotaxy is Usually of 3 types?
Alternate, opposite & whorled.
Alternate phyllotaxy ex.
China rose, mustard, sunflower 🌻
Opposite phyllotaxy ex.
Calotropis & gauva
Whorled Phyllotaxy ex.
Alstonia
Leaf tendrils (for climbing) occur in
Peas
Leaf Spines for defence occur in
Cacti
Fleshy leaves of ____&____ store food.
Onion 🧅 & garlic🧄.
In ___________ leaves are small & short lived. Petioles of these plants expands, becomes green & synthesises food. (Phyllode ex.)
Australian acacia
Ex. Of insectivorous plants with modified leaves?
Pitcher plant & Venus flytrap
Flower is
Modified shoot wherein shoot apical meristem changes to floral meristem. Internodes don’t elongate & axis gets condensed.
When a shoot tip transforms into a flower, its always solitary. (T/F)
True.
Ncert last line pg 71
