Transportation Flashcards
blood transports (w plasma and rbc in specific)
PLASMA: food, CO2, nitrogenous waste
RBC: O2
Salts, etc
Aorta
oxygenated blood
heart > body
left ventricle > body
Vena cava
deoxygenated blood
body > heart
body > right atrium
Pulmonary veins
Oxygenated blood
Lungs > heart
Lungs > left atrium
Pulmonary arteries
Deoxygenated blood
Heart > lungs
Right ventricle
Why does heart have diff chambers
Prevent mixing of ox/deox blood
Valves
Prevent backflow
Which has thicker walls? atria or ventricles
Ventricles: they need to pump out blood
Why do some animals have 3 chambered hearts
Amphibians reptiles etc do not need to maintain their body temperatture, they need less energy
Fish have __ chambers in their heart
2
What is double circulation
when blood goes through the heart twice during each cycle
vertebrates
which have thicker walls? arteries or veins? why
arteries have thick elastic walls as they need to reach various organs and are pumped at high pressure
veins simply have valves that ensure blood flows in the correct direction
Platelets function
platelet cells are present in blood and circulated
they plug leaks and clot blood at points of injury
Lymph (aka?)
Tissue fluid
Plasma, proteins and blood cells that escape into intercellular spaces in tissues, via pores in capillaries
Similar to plasma but colourless and has less protein
Lymphatic system
Lymphatic capillaries join to form
large lymph vessels that finally open into
larger veins
Lymph function
Carries digested and absorbed fat from intestine
drains excess fluid from intercellular space back into the blood
Why can plants use relatively slow transport systems
Plants dont move
Plants have a large proportion of dead cells
hence they have low energy requirements
Xylem tissue includes
water-conducting channel reaching all parts of the plant
vessels and tracheids of the roots stems and leaves are connected
How do roots absorb water
Cells in contact with soil take up ions
Creates difference in ions
Water moves into the root to eliminate difference
Transpiration
The loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant
Transpiration functions
Upward movement of water and minerals dissolved in it
temperature regulation
removal of excess water
Translocation
transport of soluble products of photosynthesis, amino acids and other subtstances
that occurs in phloem
Where does translocation occur
sieve tubes of phloem with the help of companion celss
How does phloem transport substances where they are needed
Materials (like sucrose) is transferred into phloem using ATP
This increases osmotic pressure of tissue, causing water to move into it
This pressure moves into tissues with less pressure
example> sugar stores in root»_space; buds
