Respiration Flashcards
First step of respiration
Break down of ____ a __-carbon molecule into ___ a __-carbon molecule in ___
Glucose, 6
Pyruvate, 3
Cytoplasm
Anaerobic Resp
Products + location
Ethanol+ CO2 + Energy
Yeast (fermentation)
Aerobic Resp
Products + location
CO2 + H2O + Energy
Mitochondria
Anaerobic resp (lack)
Products + location
Lactic Acid + Energy
Cytoplasm
No of carbon molecules in the following
Pyruvate
Glucose
Ethanol
Lactic Acid
Pyruvate 3
Glucose 6
Ethanol 2
Lactic Acid 3
ATP
Andosine-Tri-Phostphate
Energy currency: After cellular respiration, energy is converted into ATP. ATP is used to fuel all other endothermic processes.
What features do plants have to ensure sufficient intake of O2
Stomata
Large inter cellular space to ensure all cells are in contact with air
Describe how exchange of gases in plants differs based on its environmental conditions
At night, plants do not photosynthesise hence they do not need CO2 so they eliminate it.
During the day, the CO2 from respiration is used for photosynthesis hence they mainly release O2.
Why do aquatic animals breathe faster
Since amount of oxygen dissolved in water is lesser
How do fishes respire
They take in water throught their mouths and force it through gills
The gills allow the dissolved oxygen to bee taken up by blood
How is air filtered in nostrils
Mucus
fine hairs
Rings of cartilage
To ensure air passage doesnt collapse
Physical mechanism of breathing
Inhalation: lift ribs and flatten diaphragm
Chest cavity becomes larger
Air is sucked in
Exhalation: ribs go down and diphragm arches in
Air is pushed out
How are gases exchanged at alveoli
Alveoli contain extensive network of blood vessels
Blood brings CO2 to be released
O2 in the alveolar air is taken up by blood
How do lungs ensure there is sufficient time for exchange of gases
It contains a residual volume of air
