transportation Flashcards
when you receive a package, how do you test for radiation?
ionization chamber at 1 m
wipe test on the surface of the shipping container
if a package with radioactive material is damaged, what is the next step?
altert the radiation safety officer
radiation at 1 m must fall below what value?
radiation must fall below the transportation index, which is located in a small rectangular box towards the bottom of the label (the label is diamond shaped)
you receive a package with radioactive materials and the radiation level is above the transportion index, next step
alter your radiation saftey officer and await further instruction
how do you perform a wipe test on a shipped box with radiactive material?
surface wipe over 300 cm2, and put wipe in a well counter to assess for radiation.
this is often called removable radiation
limits for wipe test
generally 220 disintegrations/min/cm2. If greater than this value you notify the radiaiton safety officer.
can open it is 22 dpm/cm2
after you pass the 1 m ionization test and the surface wipe test (when receiving a shipment of radioactive material) what is the next step?
remove the packing label and ensure the right substance was delivered to the right place –> confirm inner contents match what is on the label
For how long do you need to keep receipts of radioactive substance shipments?
3 years (according to NRC)
if in an agreement state, may need to hold records longer
What is an agreement state?
primary oversight over radioactive materials, and can’t have rules that are less strict than NRC but can have rules that are more strict
in a non-agreement state, who oversees radiactive by-products?
NRC automatically oversees reactor by-product materials such as Tc-99m or I-131
who oversees cyclotron produced materials?
indiviual states (not the NRC, even in non-agreement state)
F18 or I-123
What are the types of labels for radioactive materials?
White 1
Yellow 2
Yellow 3
white 1 < yellow 2 < yellow 3 (in order of radiation intenisty)
Transportation index (at 1m measured with an ion chamber):
- White 1 = 0 mrem/hr
- Yellow 2 = <1 mrem/hr
- Yellow 3 = 1-10 mrem/hr
Transportation index (at 1m measured with an ion chamber):
White 1 =
Yellow 2 =
Yellow 3 =
Transportation index (at 1m measured with an ion chamber):
White 1 = 0 mrem/hr
Yellow 2 = <1 mrem/hr
Yellow 3 = 1-10 mrem/hr
how do you ship something with a transportation index > 10 mrem/hr
exclusive use provisions
what is the max radiation level at the surface for the following labels:
White 1 =
Yellow 2 =
Yellow 3 =
special provision =
what is the max radiation level at the surface for the following labels:
White 1 = 0.5 mrem/hr
Yellow 2 = 50 mrem/hr
Yellow 3 = 200 mrem/hr
special provision = up to 1000 mrem/hr
Based on NRC guidelines, how should a medical officer report an NRC defined “medical event”
Via telephone by the next day
both the patient and referring physician should be notified within 24 hours
within the next 15 days a formal written report should be submitted tot he appropriate NRC regional office
the formal written letter should include:
- the licensee name,
- prescribing physician name,
- brief description of the event,
- why the event occurred,
- the effect on the individual receiving the administration,
- what actions have been taken or are planned to prevent recurence,
- and certification that the licensee notified the individual
annual dose limit to a member of the general public
100 mrem (1mSv)
2 mrem/hr (0.02 mSv/hr)
background annual radiation dose
300 mrem (3 mSv)
total effective occupational dose limi for a radiation worker
5000 mrem
50 mSv
(roughly 15 x the average background radiation dose to a member of the general public)
dose limit to radiation worker’s extremity
500 mSv
50,000 mrem
in what time frame should a survey be performed when receiving a radioactive package?
within 3 hours of receiving the package if received during normal business hours
if a radioactive shipment is delivered after hours or on the weekend, what is the appropriate protocol?
must be assessed within 3 hours at the start of the following business day
how long must records for radioactive packages be kept
3 year minimum.
Some aggreement states hae a min of 5yr
multiple packages shipped together should not exceed
50 mR
what is a completely unacceptable surface radiation
>6600 dpm/300cm2
contact both the shipper and NRC if beyond allowable limits
