Transport in plants Flashcards
where is the stomata located
lower epidermis of the leaf
name all the layers of the leaf
lower epidermis
spongy mesophyll
palisade mesophyll
upper epidermis
what is the role of the stomata
regulate gas exchange between the plant and environment and control of water loss by changing the size of the stomatal pore
what is the function of the guard cell in the stomata
controls the rate of transpiration of the water by opening and closing the stomata
what is the function of the xylem
transport water and minerals absorbed by the roots to the leaves and the stem of the plant
05 features of the xylem tissue
- made of dead cells
- hollow tube which allows the water transportation easier
- strengthened by the substance
called lignin - only transport water in one
way - no end walls between the cells
2 features about the pholem tissue
- made up of columns of living cells
- food substances are being transported both up and downwards
what is the function of the phloem tissue
to transport food which are being produced by the photosynthesis in plant leaves to other parts of the plant ( storage organs)
what is the meaning of translocation
transportation of food produced during the photosynthesis to the storage organs
what is called the transpiration
loss of water in the xylem of the plant
describe the transpiration stream
- water is being evaporated through the stomata
- water is now being taken up by the leaves from the stomata as there is a shortage of water
- water is absorbed more by the roots as there is a shortage of water in the xylem tissue
what are the factors that affect the rate of transpiration
- temperature
- light intensity
- air flow
- humidity
how does the LIGHT INTENSITY affect the Rate of transpiration
increase in light intensity increases the rate of transpiration because evaporation of water from leaves is becoming higher if the light intensity increased.
How does the TEMPERATURE
affect the rate of transpiration
increase in the temperature increases the rate of transpiration because of the high evaporation of water in the plants.
How does the HUMIDITY affect the rate of transpiration
Increase in the humidity decreases the rate of transpiration because when there’s high humidity in the surrrounded area of the plant ,it won’t replace or difffuse water molecules as there are higher concentration of water molecules
how does the AIR FLOW affect the rate of transpiration
high air flow increases the rate of transpiration.
this is because the wind flow moves away causing a higher rate of transpiration as it removes the water molecules around the leaf. So according to the concentration gradient the water will be moving from the higher concentration reigion to the lower concentration reigion
what are the uses of transpiration
-transport water for photosynthesis
-keeps leaves turgid
-cools the leaf
- transport mineral ions
what is called osmosis
the transportation of water molecules according to the concentration gradient- higher concentration region to lower concentration region.
what is diffusion
when substances move through the permeable membrane from higher concentration area to lower concentration area
what is active transport
the movement of substances against the concentration gradient- from lower concentration area to higher concentration area.
which method is used by plant root hair cells to absorb water from soil
osmosis - water concentration is higher in soil than the water concentration in root cell
which method is being used by the plants to absorb minerals from the soil
active transport- the mineral concentration is higher in the root cell than the mineral concentration in soil
Investigation to calculate the transpiration- portometer-describe the independant, dependant and control variables
IV- time
DV- distance moved by the bubble in the capillary
CV- temperature ,light intensity
