Transport And Excretion Flashcards

1
Q

What is Xylem?

A

Carry water and minerals salts

Roots to shoots

In transpiration stream

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2
Q

What is Phloem?

A

Transport sugars, like sucrose and amino acids

From leaves to the rest of the plant

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3
Q

List the 4 components of the blood

A

Red blood cells
Plasma
Platelets
White blood cells

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4
Q

What’s plasma

A
Liquid part of blood Carries:
Hormones
Platelets 
Blood cells 
Carbon dioxide 
Digested food
Urea
Heat energy
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5
Q

What are platelets?

A

Small fragments that help blood to clot

Stops pathogens entering

Prevents blood loss

Held together by a mesh of the protein fibrin

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6
Q

How are red blood cells adapted?

A

Small and biconcave shaped

They have no nucleus

This all gives them more room to transport haemoglobin and oxygen

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7
Q

What are phagocytes

A

Phagocytes engulf then ingest pathogens

They are non specific

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8
Q

What are lymphocytes?

A

Lymphocytes produce antibodies

In presence of a foreign antigen, they produce antibodies (which are specific)

Memory cells can also be produced afterwards

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9
Q

Which side of the heart caries deoxygenated blood?

A

The right carries deoxygenated blood

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10
Q

What keeps blood traveling through the heart in one direction?

A

Valves (eg semi-lunar)

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11
Q

What factors increase risk of coronary heart disease?

A

Inactivity- leads to blood pressure being high

Smoking- increase blood pressure

Poor diet- saturated fats cause fatty deposits

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12
Q

Describe the structure of arteries

A

HIGH PRESSURE

Strong elastic walls

Elastic fibres allow expansion

Walls are thick compared to lumen

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13
Q

Describe the structures of capillaries

A

Permeable wall that’s one cell thick for diffusion

Supply food and oxygen, take away CO2

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14
Q

Describe the structure of veins

A

LOWER PRESSURES

Walls not as thick

Bigger lumen allows blood flow

Have valves to keep blood flow in one direction

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15
Q

Circulation system on Pg 41 diagram in CGP guide

A

Look at diagram

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16
Q

Give three roles of the kidney

A

Urea- produced in the liver from excess amino acids

Adjusts ion (salt) levels in blood

Adjust water content of blood

17
Q

Function of stomata

A

Control intakes of oxygen of CO2,

Excretes plant waste