Things Ive Got Wrong In Past Papers Flashcards
What enzymes are used in genetic engineering?
Restriction enzyme (cut)
Ligase (paste)
What conditions are suitable for an industrial fermenter ?
Aseptic precautions, nutrients, optimum pH and temperature, oxygenation and agitation (stirring)
What is urea?
It is made in the liver by the breakdown of amino acids.
This is removed from the bloodstream by the kidneys.
It then leaves the body in urine.
How is yogurt made?
Bacteria ferment milk
Milk is pasteurised to kill pathogens
LACTOBACILLUS bacteria is added and the mixture is incubated in a fermenter
Lactic acid is produced which causes milk to clot and thicken.
How is yogurt made?
Bacteria ferment milk
Milk is pasteurised to kill pathogens
LACTOBACILLUS bacteria is added and the mixture is incubated in a fermenter
Lactic acid is produced which causes milk to clot and thicken.
Purpose of dietary fibre
Aids the movement of food through gut
Purpose of calcium and iron mineral ions?
Calcium- teeth and bones
Iron- make haemoglobin for healthy blood
What’s bile?
Made in the liver, stored in the gall bladder
Neutralises stomach acid and emulsifiers fats
What is the role of viruses and plasmids in genetic engineering?
Vectors-take up pieces of DNA, the insert this recombinant DNA into other cells.