Transplantation

Question 1

autologous grafts

Answer 1

donor and recipient are the same person; skin grafting, bone marrow

Question 2

syngeneic grafts

Answer 2

donor and recipient are genetically identical; twins

Question 3

allogeneic grafts

Answer 3

donor and recipient are same species but unrelated; heart, lung, kidney, liver

Question 4

xenogeneic grafts

Answer 4

donor and recipient are different species

Question 5

first set rejection

Answer 5

graft between unrelated individuals; graft is initially accepted and then rejected after about 10-14 days

Question 6

second set rejection

Answer 6

occurs when an individual has been previously sensitized to the graft which causes a much faster rejection (6 days)

Question 7

evidence that T cells play primary role in rejection reactions

Answer 7

nude mice (lack thymus) accept allografts but B cell deficient mice reject them

Question 8

alloreactivity

Answer 8

ability of T cells to recognize foreign MHC molecules

Question 9

direct recognition

Answer 9

T cell interacts with APC from donor and non-self MHC

Question 10

indirect recognition

Answer 10

proteins and peptides from transplant get picked up by self-MHC

Question 11

hyperacute rejection

Answer 11

recipient has preformed antibodies to antigen on graft; occurs when there is no ABO matching

Question 12

minor H antigens

Answer 12

polymorphic self proteins that differ in amino acid sequence between individuals give rise to minor H antigen differences; slow graft rejection