Transplant Immunology Flashcards
What is transplantation?
The transfer of cells, tissue or an organ between different parts of the body or between different individuals
What are the 4 different types of ways in which transplants can be classified?
- Autograft
- Isograft/syngenic graft
- Allograft
- Xenograft
A graft-versus-host reaction is most commonly seen following transplantation of?
Bone marrow
Which tissue transplant does not require cross matching and why?
Cornea-not vascularized, immune cells cannot mediate a rejection process
If a patient received a transplant but is unfortunately rejecting the tissue. Which phase of rejection are they in if there is a large number of naive T cells being activated?
Acute
Why do people with type O blood make anti A and anti B antibodies?
Molecular mimicry with common microbes
Which cytokine will be most closely involved in activating cytotoxic T lymphocytes to mediate graft rejection?
IL-2
Direct alloantigen recognition requires?
Allogenic antigen presenting cells that express alkogeneic MHC
After direct or indirect alloantigen recognition?
T cells become activated followed by production of CD4 and CD8 effector T cells targeting the alloantigen
An immunosuppressive therapy to prevent graft rejection is being researched, it would be useful in preventing graft rejection if it downregulated…?
Complement activation
IL-1
IFNgamma
Treg cells
The most polymorphic human MHC gene is?
HLA-B
How does the number of HLA mismatches correlate with long term survival?
The higher the number of mismatches, the lower the chance of long term survival
An example of an immunosuppressive drug that directly inhibits mTOR signaling is?
Rapamycin