transpiration

Question 1

what happens how

Answer 1

transpiration is caused by the evaporation and the diffusion of water from the surface of the plant, mostly at tthe leaves
water moves up the xylem
it then moves from there into the leaf.
then it diffuses and moves out of the leaf

Question 2

potometer practical

Answer 2

cut a shoot underwater to prevent air from entering the xylem, cut it at a slant,
assmeble potometer in water and then insert the shoot under water, no air can enter,
remove apparatus, from water but keep capillary tube submerged in water
check it is watertight and airtight
dry leaves, wait for shoot to acclimatise
remove one end until one air bubble has formed.

Question 3

xylem

Answer 3

carries water and mineral salts from the roots to the shoot to the leaves in transpiration,
made of dead cells
walls made of dead cells these contain lignin

Question 4

phloem

Answer 4

transports sucrose sugars and amino acids

this movement of food is known as translocation