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Materials And Hardware > Transmissions And Control Cables > Flashcards

Transmissions And Control Cables Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of transmission cables?

A

Change direction of control run is achieved by chain wheels and pulleys

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2
Q

Where are transmission cables found?

A

Control column installation
Aileron and elevator controls
Trim control systems

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3
Q

What are chains classified by?

A

Pitch
Roller diameter
Width between inner plates

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4
Q

What is fitted inside each roller to allow chain articulation around the sprocket?

A

Bush assembly

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5
Q

What is used to change the angle of the chain?

A

Bi-planer block

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6
Q

What are chain drives?

Where used?

A

Non-slip power transmission with a large gap between gears
Low friction
Smooth running

Used in engines

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7
Q

What should the number of chains on chain wheels be on roller chains?

A

No smaller than 12 teeth

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8
Q

What should chain wheels be?

Noise?

A

No smaller than 17 teeth

Virtually silent

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9
Q

What is trim control?

A

Power transmission achieved by chain drive
Tensioned by a chain tightener
Safety covers used to prevent separation
Every second link is an irreversible link

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10
Q

What are couplings used for?

A

To connect two shafts together

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11
Q

Three types of couplings?

A

Solid couplings
Moveable and Disconnectable couplings
Safety couplings

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12
Q

Which coupling is best known?

A

Sleeve coupling

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13
Q

What are Solid couplings?

A

Two cast iron sleeve fixed to the shaft ends by screws

Adjusting springs added if contact pressure is not high enough to transfer torque

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14
Q

What are Disk couplings?

A

Two disks fitted to the shaft ends by screws

Balancing achieved by a cylindrical insertion or a centre plate

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15
Q

What are Moveable couplings?

A

Used if shafts are not exactly aligned or if position of shaft changes during operation changes
Extension couplings allow small longitudinal movement

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16
Q

Types of gears

A

Drive gear - input gear
Driven gear - output gear
Can gain mechanical advantage (tooth ratio)

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17
Q

What is toothed wheel gear?

A

Transfer rotational movement at low speeds without any slip, operate in oil bath to reduce noise, need to be protected against contamination and to prevent accidents

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18
Q

What are Spur gears?

A

Straight tooth gears internal or external teeth

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19
Q

What is an external spur gear?

A

Used for change of speed, shafts lie parallel

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20
Q

What is an internal spur gear?

A

Pinion (smallest)
Spur (larger)
Gears rotate in the same direction, space saving

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21
Q

What is the most common gear?

A

Spur gears

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22
Q

What are Helical gears?

Noise?

A

Transmit drive between parallel shafts
Produce axial load on respective bearings

Very quiet

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23
Q

What are Rack and Pinion gears?

A

Convert rotation motion into linear motion

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24
Q

What are worm gears?

A

Helically cut gear on an input shaft driving a spur gear - mounted wheel on output shaft

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25
Q

Difference between worm gears and bevel gears?

A

Worm gives larger “step down”

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26
Q

What are Bevel gears?

A

Transmit drives between shafts having intersecting axes

May be found on engines

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27
Q

What should the angle of teeth be on herringbone?

Why?

A

No larger than 20 degrees

To avoid excess axial force

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28
Q

What is Backlash?

A

Clearance between gear teeth and point of mesh

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29
Q

What indicates excessive backlash?

A

Worn teeth

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30
Q

What is Idler gear?

A

Interposed between drive and driven shaft

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31
Q

What is Pinion?

A

Smaller of two mating gears

32
Q

What is lay-shaft?

A

Shaft which supports idle gear

33
Q

What are stepped pulley drives?

A

Single pulley drive - only as many rotational speeds as belt pulley has stages

Multiple pulley drive - two three-stage pulleys in series, produce 9 rotational speeds

34
Q

What are the two types of Toothed gears?

A

Caster swivel wheel gears

Driving key type transmissions

35
Q

What are toothed gears?

A

Engage and reach rotational speeds by sideways movement
Several gears arranged in series
Not suitable on drive machines for precision work
Usually only change gears during start-up or run-down

36
Q

Different types of Infinitely Variable Rotational Speeds

A

Friction gears

Cone pulley drives

37
Q

What are friction gears?

A

Driving friction wheel is moveable so the rotational speed of the driven friction disk is infinitely variable

38
Q

What are cone pulley drives?

A

Suitable for transmission of smaller forces at high rotational speeds

39
Q

What are Push Rods?

A

Transmit push/pull forces

40
Q

What are Quadrants?

A

Forces transferred via cable quadrants

41
Q

What are Rotary Selectors?

A

Transmit swinging or rotary movements

42
Q

What is Step-up drive?

A

Provides higher speeds compared to the input

43
Q

What is step-down drive?

A

Provides output drive of lower speeds compared to input

44
Q

What are reduction gears?

A

Arrangement by which an input speed can be lowered to a slower output speed with same or more torque

45
Q

Advantages of Control Cables?

A

Weight saving over mechanical actuators

Can be routed anywhere via pulleys and guides

46
Q

What do Control Cables consist of?

A

Tensile strength minimum 1200 N/mm^2

Breaking elongation 2-7%

47
Q

How are Control Cables made?

A

Wires twisted into strands

Strands twisted into cables

48
Q

How are cables tensioned?

A

Cable tensiometer

Large aircraft have complex auto tensioning systems
Small aircraft have tension set at a compromised setting

49
Q

What are Cable Terminals?

A 
Ball and Double Shank
Ball and Single Shank 
Long Threaded Stud End 
Short Threaded Stud End 
Fork End 
Eye End
50
Q

What are Fairleads?

A

Guides to prevent contact with structure

51
Q

What are Pressure Seals?

A

Through pressure bulkhead

Sealed with grease - prevents air loss

52
Q

What are Pulleys?

A

Direction change

Guard pin prevents pulleys from falling off wheel

53
Q

What are Cable Turnbuckles?

A

Attach cable ends and facilitate cable tensioning Left Hand and Right Hand threads
Rotate barrel/body
Never lubricate
Safety clip locking or wire locking

54
Q

What are Flexible Remote Control Systems?

A

Manually operated from flight deck
Operating trim tabs, brake control valves, engine controls, etc
Can be bent to pass through structures

55
Q

Two Cable and Conduit methods?

A

Teleflex

Bowden

56
Q

What is Teleflex?

A

Pushes and pulls
Tension wire with either left or right helix winding
Engaging with gear teeth on control wheels

57
Q

Three types of Teleflex?

A

DS 23/2 - left hand helix winding - 3/16” in diameter
DS 380 - right hand helix
DS 169330 - exact same as DS 23/2 but used in hot areas

58
Q

What is a Single Entry Unit?

A

For Teleflex
Limited to 270 degrees travel
Minimum of 40 degrees at all times

59
Q

What is a Double Entry Unit?

A

For Teleflex
Greater travel
Emerges at either 90, 120, or 180 degrees travel

60
Q

What is a Spent Travel Tube?

A

Spare cable emerging from a double entry unit

61
Q

What is an Anti-torsion tube?

A

Prevents cable from rotating during operation

62
Q

What is a straight lead unit?

A

Not suited to heavy loads

63
Q

What is a Junction Box?

A

Used to reverse the direction of travel of the control cable

Branch on run of cable to operate two components

64
Q

What is a Sliding End Fitting?

A

Guide tubes terminating in a fork, eye, ball joint, internal or external threaded fitting
Cable is attached by either a special collet attachment or a lock spring and plug

65
Q

What is the end fitting for a sliding end fitting?

A

Joint consists of a ball and socket connection inside a housing attached to the end of the rigid conduit

66
Q

What is a Distributor Box?

A

Cables to Teleflex to screw jacks

Rotary to linear for trim tabs in conjunction with a torsion drive

67
Q

Two conduit connectors?

A

Nipple type connectors

Clamp connector

68
Q

What are Quick Break Units?

A

Various types

Facilitate removal of components without disturbing control

69
Q

What are Bowden Controls?

A 
Pull only 
Light loads only 
Returns via a spring 
Non-corrodible Steel 
Close coil wire 
Cotton braid 
Waterproof coating 
Prevent fraying - fit end caps 
(Bicycle brakes)
70
Q

Three types of End Fittings on Bowden Controls?

A

Spherical
Trunnion
Plain

71
Q

What are Adjustment Stops?

A

Hexagonal headed screws drilled to allow cable to pass through
Protective caps on screws
Stop fitted to remote end of cable - mounted in a tee barrel

72
Q

Three types of connectors?

A

Cable connector
Control connector
Junction box

73
Q

What is a cable connector?

A

Used to join different lengths of cable
Two cables only
Cannot be used where conduit is fitted

74
Q

What is a control connector?

A

For joining two Bowden controls

75
Q

What is a Junction Box?

A

Used where two components are controlled by a single control or vice versa

Materials And Hardware (11 decks)

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