Non-Ferrous Metals Flashcards
Properties of Titanium?
Good strength to weight ratio
Corrosion resistant
56% the weight of steel
Precautions when working with Titanium?
Have a fire extinguisher
Use cutting fluid
Use sharp tools
Titanium will ignite with Oxygen at…
1065C
Titanium will ignite with Nitrogen at…
815C
How to protect Titanium?
Heat metal in atmosphere of helium gas
Why is pure aluminium not suitable for aircraft?
Too soft
When pure aluminium is alloyed with other metals, it gets…
Excellent corrosion resistance, very light weight
Which aluminium is easier to work with?
Wrought
What is the number for Aluminium?
2024
How to protect Aluminium?
Clad with a thin layer of pure aluminium with 1% zinc on both sides as a means of corrosion protection. Thickness of clad is 3.5% of the material thickness. Ink print on the material corresponds to the material grain structure.
Digit for Aluminium?
1xxx
Digit for Copper?
2xxx
Digit for Zinc?
7xxx
What are the Non-Heat Treatables?
1100 Ally (soft, durable, good workability)
3003 Aluminium with Manganese (increases strength)
5052 Aluminium with Magnesium (most common used)
What are the Heat Treatables?
2011 Ally Copper (good machineability)
2017 (good workability)
2024
7075 Zinc (Normally Clad)
Describe Solution Heat Treatment
Metals are heated in molten sodium or potassium nitrate bath or hot air furnace. Temperature is held to within 50C, long enough for the copper to be taken into the solid solution with the aluminium matrix. Removed from ferrous and cooled or quenched. Rapid cooling must be done within 10 seconds.
What is Cold Working?
Causes Copper to precipitate at the grain boundaries and harden the alloy
What is Natural Age Hardening?
Copper precipitates at the grain boundaries hardening aluminium to full strength over a period of several days
How to carry out Artificial Age Hardening
Temperature raised to between 1200C and 1900C, this increases precipitation hardening process and raises final strength of the alloy.
What does T4 mean?
Heat treated and age hardened
What does T3 mean?
Further age hardened by mechanical cold working
What are the Basic Temper States?
F - Fabricated O - Annealed H - Strain hardened W - Solution heat treated T - Heat treated to produce stable temperatures
Disadvantages of Magnesium Alloys
Easily corrode
Difficult to work with
Highly flammable
Advantages of Magnesium Alloys
Lighter than aluminium
What is GLARE?
Glass Reinforced Laminate
GLARE is a member of which family?
Fibre Metal Laminates (FMLs)
Advantages of GLARE?
Outstanding fatigue resistance Excellent impact resistance Flame resistance Excellent corrosion properties Easy to work with High strength Good thermal insulation
