Transmission of Communicable Diseases Flashcards
What are the two ways of transmission in both plant and animals?
Direct
Indirect
What are the two ways pathogens can cause disease?
-damaging cells
-produce cells
What is an exotoxin?
Secreted by a living, normal pathogen
What is an endotoxin?
Released when pathogen is damaged.
What are the methods of direct transmission in animals?
-direct contact
-inoculation
-Ingestion
What is inoculation?
Breaking through skin such as animal bites
What are the methods of indirect transmission in animals?
-Fomites
-Droplet infection
-Vectors
What are fomites?
inanimate objects
What are some of the factors which affect transmission of disease in animals?
-Overcrowding
-Poor nutrition
-Compromised immune system
-Disposal of waste
-Climate change
-Culture
-Socioeconomic factors
What are the ways that the spread of disease can be prevented in animals?
-Hand washing
-Improvements in living and working conditions
-Disposal of both bodily and household waste effectively
What are the methods of direct transmission in plants?
-Contact with leaves
What are the methods of indirect transmission in plants?
-Soil contamination
-Wind
-Water
-Animals
-Humans
What are some of the factors which affect transmission of disease in plants?
-Susceptibility of disease
-Overcrowding of planting
-Resistance
-Climatic conditions
-Climate Change
What are the ways that the spread of disease can be prevented in plants?
-Plenty of room between plants when planting
-Clear fields thoroughly
-Rotate crops
-Follow strict hygiene practices
-Control insect vectors
What are spores?
Very small reproductive structures released into environment via wind or water
What are spores involved in?
Direct Transmission
When do spores grow and how can they be produced?
-When they reach host they begin growing.
-Can be produced via mitosis or meiosis
