Translocation

Question 1

translocation

Answer 1

the movement of animals by humans

Question 2

Reintroduction:

Answer 2

intentional movement of an animal to a part of it’s range it has previously been extirpated

Question 3

Re-stocking:

Answer 3

adding to existing population

Question 4

Introduction:

Answer 4

the arrival of a species outside its historic range

Question 5

Assisted colonization:

Answer 5

intentional movement of a species outside its historic range

Question 6

Why translocate?

Answer 6

Current habitat becoming unsuitable
Human destruction
Introduced species (predators, competitors)
Disease
Climate change
Historical habitat restored
Overflow from captive/limited habitat
Human-wildlife conflict

Question 7

Choosing a site

Answer 7

Island suitability

Question 8

—Mainland vs Island sanctuary

Answer 8

Cost of fence and ongoing maintenance but return
Small area
Logistically easier
Public involvement
Spill over into surrounds
Disease from other animals

Question 9

**Island

Answer 9

Lower maintenance cost but no return
Larger area
Logistical issues
Public access limited
Isolation limits dispersal
Limited spread of disease

Question 10

Outside range many other factors to consider

Answer 10

Unlikely habitat suitable
Effects on other species
Predation
Competition
Hybridization

Question 11

Translocation population

Answer 11

How many individuals?
Which individuals?
Males/Females
Adults/Juveniles
Families/Individuals
When to translocate?
How often to translocate?

Question 12

How many individuals to translocate?

Answer 12

Viable source population
Transportation stress
Allee effects
Demographic stochasticity
Environmental stochasticity 
Genetic effects 50/500 rule
   -Inbreeding depression
   -Loss of genetic diversity
Effective population size…

Question 13

How many? – Genetic diversity

Answer 13

Over time genetic drift loss of alleles
Aim to preserve 90% of genetic diversity
500 + effective pop. size
Depends on genetic diversity of remaining individuals
Depends on speed of increase of population post translocation

Question 14

Maximizing success—-

Minimize inbreeding depression

Answer 14

Minimize inbreeding depression

—Large number of Unrelated individuals

Question 15

Maximizing success—-Minimize inbreeding depression

Answer 15

• -Large number of individuals
• -Individuals with different genetic make-up
• -Site has large carrying capacity

Question 16

Maximizing success–

Prevent long dispersal of introduced individuals

Answer 16

• -Juveniles may be less likely to try to return back
• -Anchoring devices such as taped calls or food
• Age structure for stable social structure
• Sex ratio close to that of wild populations