Translation/RNA Flashcards
What are the 3 types
of RNA?
rRNA, tRNA, mRNA
What is the function
of rRNA?
It is a component of
ribosomes which are
the site of protein
synthesis
What is the function
of tRNA?
Transports an amino acid specific to its anticodon to the correct position along mRNA during translation
What is the function
of mRNA?
A sequence of bases which are complementary to a gene and so confer the gene so the protein it codes for can be made
How many different
anticodons are there?
64
How many bases
make up an anticodon
region?
3
What is the
anticodon region?f
3 bases
complementary to a
codon
What are the 2 most
important features of
a tRNA molecule?
-the anticodon region
-the region which
attaches to a specific
amino acid
What is translation?
-the process by which the complementary code carried by mRNA is decoded by tRNA into a sequence of amino acids
Where does
translation occur?
At the ribosome
What are the 3 steps
in translation?
- initiation
- elongation
- termination
What occurs in
initiation?
An initiation complex is formed, mRNA attaches to subunits of a ribosome. The mRNA attracts a tRNA with an anitcodon that is complementary to the codon on mRNA
What occurs in
elongation?
-the second tRNa is attracted by codon- anticodon complementarity. A condensation reaction occurs between two amino acids with a peptide bond forming between them -the ribosome shift one codon along the mRNA and the first tRNA is released -the next tRNA attached to the mRNA due to base complementarity -this is repeated
What occurs in
termination?
-When a stop codon is reached a polypeptide is released -the protein will fold and the mRNA is released from the ribosome
What happens to the
tRNA when it is
released from the
mRNA?
It is activated in the
cytoplasm to pick up
another amino acid
