Translation

Question 1

There are ___ amino acids.

Answer 1

• 20

Question 2

_____ refer to base triplets in mRNA’s.

Answer 2

• codons

Question 3

_____ = start/Met.

____, ____, _____ = stop.

Answer 3

• AUG

- UAA, UAG, UGA

Question 4

______ three bases specify an amino acid

Answer 4

• Triplet Code

Question 5

______ multiple codons can specify a single amino acid.

Answer 5

• degenerate

Question 6

______ each codon specifies only one amino acid.

Answer 6

• Specific/unambiguous

Question 7

______ once a start codon is recognized, there is only one correct “reading frame” of triplets.

Answer 7

• non overlapping

Question 8

_____ once initiated, bases are “read” continuously (without pausing) until a stop codon is reached

Answer 8

• no punctuation

Question 9

______ the translation process and coding in all species (investigated) is always the same.

Answer 9

• universal

Question 10

These adaptor molecules turned out to be _______

Answer 10

• transfer RNAs

Question 11

Wobble ”Rules”

Answer 11

1. The first 2 base pairings in a codon-anticodon interaction confer most of the specificity required for translation
2. The interactions between the third codon and anticodon nucleotides are less stringent

Question 12

________ is a short (15-60 amino acids) peptide chain that directs the post translational transport of a protein to its final destination in the cell. Also known as “transit peptides”.

Answer 12

• Signal Peptide