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Mol Gen 3 > Translation > Flashcards

Translation Flashcards

1
Q

Methionine codon

A

AUG

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2
Q

Stop codons

A

UGA, UAG, UAA

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3
Q

Tryptophan codon

A

UGG

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4
Q

Stages of protein synthesis

A

Binding of amino acid to tRNA
Initiation
Elongation
Termination

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5
Q

Components of Binding amino acid to tRNA (4)

A

Amino acids
tRNAs
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
ATP

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6
Q

Amino acids

A

Building blocks of protein

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7
Q

tRNAs

A

Deliver amino acids to ribosomes

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8
Q

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

A

Attaches amino acids to tRNAs

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9
Q

ATP

A

Provides energy for binding amino acid to tRNA

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10
Q

Components of protein synthesis initiation (7)

A 
mRNA
fMet-tRNA
30s ribosomal subunit
50s ribosomal subunit
Initiation factor 1
Initiation factor 2
Initiation factor 3
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11
Q

mRNA

A

Carries coding instructions

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12
Q

fMET-tRNA

A

Provides first amino acid in peptide

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13
Q

30s ribosomal subunit

A

Attaches to mRNA

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14
Q

50s ribosomal subunit

A

Stabilizies tRNAs and amino acids

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15
Q

Initiation factor 1

A

Enhances dissociation of large and small subunits of ribosome

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16
Q

Initiation factor 2

A

Binds GTP; delivers fMet-tRNA to initiation codon

17
Q

GTP

A

guanosine triphosphate (energy source)

18
Q

Initiation factor 3

A

Binds to 30s subunit and prevents association with 50s subunit

19
Q

Components of Elongation (7)

A 
70s initiation complex
Charged tRNAs
Elongation factor Tu
Elongation factor Ts
Elongation factor G
GTP
Peptidyl transferase center
20
Q

70s initiation complex

A

Functional ribosome with A, P, and E sites where protein synthesis takes place

21
Q

Charged tRNAs

A

Bring amino acids to ribosome and help assemble them in order specified by mRNA

22
Q

Elongation factor Tu

A

Binds GTP and charged tRNA; delivers charged tRNA to A site

23
Q

Elongation factor Ts

A

Generates active elongation factor Tu

24
Q

Elongation factor G

A

Stimulates movement of ribosome to next codon

25
Q

GTP

A

Provides energy

26
Q

Peptidyl transferase center

A

Creates peptide bond between amino acids in A site and P site

27
Q

Components of termination (1)

A

Release factors 1, 2, and 3

28
Q

Release factors 1, 2, and 3

A

Bind to ribosome when stop codon is reached and terminate translation

Mol Gen 3 (4 decks)

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