RNA Processing

Question 1

Group 1 Introns: Location, splicing

Answer 1

Some rRNA genes

Self-Splicing

Question 2

Group 2 Introns: Location, splicing

Answer 2

Protein encoding genes in mitochondria and chloroplasts

Self-Splicing

Question 3

Nuclear pre-mRNA Introns: Location, splicing

Answer 3

Protein-encoding genes in the nucleus

Spliceosomes

Question 4

tRNA Introns: Location, splicing

Answer 4

tRNA genes

Enzymatic

Question 5

Shine Dalgarno sequence

Answer 5

In prokaryotes, ribosomal binding site on mRNA

Question 6

Post transcriptional modifications to eukaryotic pre-mRNA

Answer 6

Addition of 5’ cap
3’ cleavage and polyadenylation
RNA splicing
RNA editing

Question 7

Addition of 5’ cap

Answer 7

Facilitates binding of ribosome to 5’ end
Increases mRNA stability
Enhances RNA splicing

Question 8

3’ cleavage and addition of poly-A tail

Answer 8

Increass stability of mRNA

Facilitates binding of ribosome to mRNA

Question 9

RNA splicing

Answer 9

Removes noncoding introns from pre-mRNA
Facilitates export of mRNA to cytoplasm
Allows for multiple proteins to be produced through alternative splicing

Question 10

RNA editing

Answer 10

Alters nucleotide sequence of mRNA

Question 11

Branch point

Answer 11

Single adenine 18-40 nucleotides upstream of the 3’ splice site. After splicing, the 5’ end of the intron binds here, creating a lariat.

Question 12

Spliceosome

Answer 12

Splices introns. 5 RNA molecules and almost 300 proteins.

Question 13

Guide RNA (gRNA)

Answer 13

Facilitates RNA editing