translation

Question 1

where does the mRNA go to?

Answer 1

moves out the nucleus via the nuclear pores
into the RER
which contains 80s ribosomes and tRNA and amino acids

Question 2

what is the first step of translation?

Answer 2

ribosomes recognises the START codon and attaches to the mRNA covering the first two codons

Question 3

what is the second step of translation?

Answer 3

tRNA complementary to the codons attaches to the mRNA via hydrogen bonds

Question 4

what is the third step of translation?

Answer 4

each tRNA carries an amino acid

Question 5

what is the fourth step of translation?

Answer 5

a peptide bond is formed between the 2 amino acid using ATP by a condensation reaction

Question 6

what is the fifth step of translation?

Answer 6

bond between the first tRNA and the amino acid breaks

Question 7

what is the sixth step of translation?

Answer 7

ribosome moves one codon to the right

Question 8

what is the seventh step of translation?

Answer 8

next tRNA moves in and the process repeats

Question 9

what is the eighth step of translation?

Answer 9

the polypeptide chain is synthesised adding one amino acid at a time

Question 10

what is the ninth step of translation?

Answer 10

when the ribosome reaches the STOP codon, it dissociates from the mRNA

Question 11

what is the tenth step of translation?

Answer 11

tRNA and the polypeptide chain are released

Question 12

how does the sequence of bases on DNA determine the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain?

Answer 12

order of tRNA attaching to mRNA in translation is dependent on the sequence of codons
so order of amino acids is determined by the sequence of codons which is determined by the sequence of bases/ triplet DNA