Transition Zones Flashcards
what is/are the characteristic(s) of occipitalization of C1
atlas may be partially or completely fused to the occiput
what is another way of implying occipitalization of C1
atlas assimilation
incidence of occipitalization of C1
0.1%-0.8%
when do the centers of ossification for the odontoid process first appear
during the last trimester in utero
the transitional zones of the vertebral column
occipitocervical, cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar, lumbosacral, and sacrococcygeal zones
when do bilateral ossification centers for the odontoid process first appear
at or shortly after birth
joint that is formed between the odontoid process ossification centers and the centrum of C2
subdental synchondrosis
classification of the joint formed between the C2 odontoid process and centrum
amphiarthrosis synchondrosis
ossification between the odontoid process and centrum joint of C2 first appears at what age
4 yo
joint between the odontoid process and centrum of C2 is last identified at what age
7 yo
name given to the CONDITION in which the joint formed between the odontoid process and centrum of C2 persists beyond 7yo
os odontoideum
name given to the JOINT between the odontoid process and centrum of C2 which is still evident beyond age 7
persistent subdental synchondrosis
name given to the joint formed between the tip of the dens and the odontoid process centers of ossification
tip of the dens synchondrosis
classification of the joint formed between the tip of the dens and odontoid process centers of ossification
amphiarthrosis synchondrosis
age the ossification for the tip of the dens will appear
sometime in early adolescence
based on the age of appearance, how is the tip of the dens center of ossification classified
secondary center of ossification
the age the tip of the dens will fuse with the odontoid process
before age 12
what is the condition called if the joint formed between the tip of the dens and odontoid process centers of ossification persists beyond age 12
terminal ossicle
condition pertaining to a joint formed between the tip of the dens and odontoid process centers of ossification persisting beyond 12 yo
terminal ossicle
what is a basilar impression
persistence of the nonunion of the basilar and condylar parts of the chondrocranium such that the cartilage deforms due to the weight of the brain
what is a basilar invagination
upper cervical spine appears to be invaginated into the skull on x-ray analysis
incidence of rib-related changes following dorsalization of C7
from .5% to 2.5% of the population
do patients typically present with symptoms specific for dorsalization of C7
No, typically asymptomatic
gener bias suggested for dorsalization of C7
Female (yeezus we get some shit, boss bitches be survivors though)
alteration of C7 facet orientation that may accompany dorsalization
superior articular facet of C7 may change from BUM to BUL (typical thoracic orientation)
inferior articular facet is unchanged
percent of population that may demonstrate thoracic-like features at C7
up to 46%
T1 facet orientation changes that may accompany cervicalization
superior articular facet may change from BUL to BUM
inferior articular facet is unchanged
incidence of cervicalization of T1 in the population
up to 28%
incidence of lumbar ribs in the population
over 7% demonstrate lumbar ribs
what L1 facet orientation changes may accompany dorsalization
superior articular facet may change from concave and BUM, to flat and BUL
inferior articular facet is unchanged
gender bias associated with dorsalization of L1
males 2-3x more affected
T12 facet orientation changes that may accompany lumbarization
superior articular facet may change form flat and BUL to concave and BUM
inferior articular facet is unchanged
T11 facet orientation changes that accompany lumbarization
INFERIOR articular facet may change from flat and ForMeD to convex and FoLD
superior articular facet is unchanged
what is the usual way of identifying the # of cervicals, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae during imaging studies
ID the vertebrae with ribs- they will be thoracic
those higher are cervicals
those lower are lumbars
characteristic of lumbarization of S1
failure of synostosis between S1 and S2, squaring of the vertebral body of S1 and flaring of sacral ala
what is failure of synostosis between S1 and S2
segments do not completely fuse together
what is squaring of the vertebral body of S1
S1 vertebral body has similar anterior and posterior heights, hence a lack of wedging
what is flaring of the sacral ala
transverse process of the ala appears to elevate as though separating from the rest of the ala
characteristic of sacralization of L5
L5 may be partially or completely fused to the sacrum
what is the incidence of sacralization of L5 in the population
41%-85%
which segment demonstrates the greatest morphological variation along the spine
L5
what articular facet changes accompany sacralization of L5
None
What is the incidence of variation within the sacrococcygeal region in the population
up to 14%
characteristic of sacralization of Co1
premature fusion of Co1 to the sacrum
what is characteristic of coccygealiztion of S5
separation of S5 from sacrum and its’ premature fusion to Co1
