Transition metals Flashcards
What do transition metals make up?
The big clump of metals in the middle of the periodic table.
What are transition metals?
Typical metals that have the properties you would expect of a proper metal.
What are the properties of transition metals?
- Good conductors of heat.
- Good conductors of electricity.
- Much less reactive than group 1 metals (they don’t react vigorously with water or oxygen).
- They’re much denser, stronger and harder than group 1 metals
- They have much higher melting points.
What transition metal is a liquid at room temperature?
Mercury.
What do transition metals often have?
More than one ion (different charges).
What do different ions usually do?
Form different coloured compounds
What are examples of transition metals having more than one ion?
- Fe^2+ ions.
- Fe^3+ ions.
What coloured compound do Fe^2+ ions and Fe^3+ ions form?
- Fe^2+ ions usually form green compounds.
- Fe^3+ ions usually form red/brown compounds.
What are the compounds formed with transition metal ions usually?
Very colourful.
Why are the compounds very colourful formed with transition metal ions?
Due to the transition metal ion they contain.
What are examples of colourful compounds formed with transition metals?
- Potassium chromate (VI) is yellow.
- Potassium manganate (VII) is purple.
- Copper (II) sulfate is blue.
What colours are due to transition metals?
- The colours in gemstones like blue sapphires and green emeralds.
- The colours in pottery glazes.
- Weathered copper is green.
What do transition metals and their compounds all make?
Good catalysts
What are examples of transition metals and their compounds being used as catalysts?
- iron is the catalyst in the Haber process for making ammonia.
- Manganese(IV) oxide is a good catalyst for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
- Nickel is used for turning oils into fats for making margarine.
