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✔️Chemistry 3A > Carboxylic acids > Flashcards

Carboxylic acids Flashcards

1
Q

What is the functional group of carboxylic acids?

A

-COOH.

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2
Q

What do their names end in?

A

Anoic acid.

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3
Q

What do their names start with?

A
  • Meth.
  • Eth.
  • Prop.
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4
Q

What is the formula for methanoic acid?

A

HCOOH.

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5
Q

What is the formula for ethanoic acid?

A

CH3COOH

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6
Q

What is the formula for propanoic acid?

A

C2H5COOH.

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7
Q

How do carboxylic acids react with carbonates?

A

Just like any other acid with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide and water and an anoate salt.

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8
Q

What are the salts formed when carboxylic acids react with carbonates called?

A

They end in anoate (e.g. methanoic acid will form methanoate).

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9
Q

What do carboxylic acids do in water?

A

They dissolve in water to produce acidic solutions.

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10
Q

What happens when carboxylic acids dissolve in water?

A

They ionise and release H^+ ions which are responsible for making the solution acidic, but they don’t ionise completely (not many H^+ ions are released).

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11
Q

What does it mean when carboxylic acids don’t ionise completely in water?

A

They just form weak acidic solutions.

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12
Q

What does it men when carboxylic acids only form weak acidic solutions in water?

A

That they have a higher pH (less acidic) than aqueous solutions of strong acids with the same concentration.

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13
Q

What is the strength of an acid?

A

How well it has ionised in water.

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14
Q

What is the concentration of an acid?

A

How watered down your acid is.

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15
Q

What are some carboxylic acids?

A

Fairly common.

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16
Q

How can ethanoic acid be made?

A

By oxidising ethanol.

17
Q

How can ethanol be oxidised to make ethanoic acid?

A
  • Microbes, like yeast, cause the ethanol to ferment, and if you leave it open, it oxidises (why wine goes off).
  • Using oxidising agents.
18
Q

What can be done with ethanoic acid?

A

It can be dissolved in water to make vinegar.

19
Q

What is vinegar used for?

A

Flavouring and preserving foods.

20
Q

What is citric acid (another carboxylic acid) used to do?

A
  • It is present in oranges and lemons, and is manufactured in large quantities to make fizzy drinks.
  • It is also used to get rid of scale.
21
Q

How are carboxylic acids used in industry?

A
  • Carboxylic acids with longer chains of carbon atoms are used to make soap and detergents.
  • Carboxylic acids are used in the preparation of esters.
  • Ethanoic is a good solvent for many organic molecules, but it is not used as one as it will turn the solution acidic.

✔️Chemistry 3A (12 decks)

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