Transfusion Medicine (Schlueter) Flashcards
Blood product indicated for anemia with compromised clinical status:
- <7 g/dL in otherwise uncomplicated patient
- < 10g/dL in septic patient
- <15 g/dL in ventilated infant with high O2 requirements
red blood cells
Platelets are mostly given for ______ deficiency and do not need to match the patient’s blood type.
quantitative; indicated for platelet count of less than 10k/microliter, as patient is at risk for spontaneous bleed.
True or false: plasma is the best blood product for factor V and VIII deficiency.
False. When plasma is thawed, there is loss of V and VIII activity after 24 hours, which is fine since generally these deficiencies are treated with pharmacological intervention and not plasma.
Which of the following is NOT an indication for giving plasma?
A. multiple coagulation deficiency with bleeding
B. multiple coagulation deficiency + major invasive procedure planned
C. volume expansion after blood loss
D. congenital single coagulation factor deficiency
E. INR of >1.8
C
Which of these is NOT a component of cryoprecipitate?
A. Factor XIII
B. vWF
C. Factor VIII
D. fibrinogen
E. Factor V
E
2 hematopoeitic growth factors that are used to limit chronic RBC transfusions and avoid prolonged thrombocytopenia and risk of platelet transfusion
erythropoietin and romiplostim (a thrombopoietin analogue)
____ is a short term volume expander that adds volume by pulling fluid from inside the cells; ______ is a longer acting volume expander that adds volume buy pulling fluid from interstitial space.
crystalloid (e.g. saline, hypertonic saline);
colloid (e.g., albumin, dextrin, hydroxyethyl starch)
_____ blood collection is a preoperative procedure for patients likely to require transfusion, is drawn at least a week earlier, and is an alternative to using other blood products
autologous
in emergent situations when there is not time for blood typing, young females should receive what type of blood?
O RH-
this type of transfusion reaction is caused by preformed antibody in the patient’s plasma, leading to intravascular lysis of transfused RBCs via complement activation
acute hemolytic transfusion reaction; usually do to a clerical mixup with anti-A or anti-B.
test that identifies antibody on the transfused cells in the patient’s circulation
direct antiglobulin test
this type of transfusion reaction presents with fever/chills, and is caused by release of inflammatory mediators from WBCs or platelets, leading to PGE2 production and hypothalamic drive to increase body temperature
febrile transfusion reaction; this is prevented by leukocyte removal from product prior to transfusion
transfusion reaction that usually prevents with hives and is caused by patient antibodies to plasma proteins; can be treated with antihistamine and epinephrine
allergic transfusion reaction
transfusion reaction that occurs with volume overload and presents with dyspnea, headache, hypertension in patient
transfusion associated circulatory overload
transfusion reaction that occurs when a donor’s antibodies react with a patient’s WBCs; presentation is hyopxia within about 6 hours of transfusion
TRALI
