Transcription/Translation

Question 1

Where does transcription take place?

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

Where does translation take place?

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

What breaks the hydrogen bonds between the two gene strands in transcription?

Answer 3

DNA helicase.

Question 4

What is thymine replaced by?

Answer 4

Uracil

Question 5

How does mRNA move out the nucleus at the end of transcription?

Answer 5

Via a nuclear pore.

Question 6

How does RNA polymerase join the RNA nucleotides in transcription?

Answer 6

Phosphodiester bonds

Question 7

What does transcription ultimately produce?

Answer 7

A strand of mRNA.

Question 8

Introns

Answer 8

Non-coding regions

Question 9

Exons

Answer 9

Coding regions

Question 10

pre-mRNA

Answer 10

Still contains introns.

Question 11

Through which process are introns removed and exons connected?

Answer 11

Splicing

Question 12

Why doesn’t splicing take place in prokaryotes?

Answer 12

Introns are uncommon within them

Question 13

Degenerate Code meaning

Answer 13

Most amino acids have more than one triplet.

Question 14

Three features of the genetic code

Answer 14

Universal, degenerate and non-overlapping.

Question 15

What does the genetic code being universal mean?

Answer 15

It applies to the vast majority of organisms on Earth.

Question 16

What is each triplet in mRNA called?

Answer 16

A codon.

Question 17

Two structural features of tRNA.

Answer 17

Binding site for amino acids and an anticodon.

Question 18

What are the codon and anticodon held in place by?

Answer 18

Hydrogen bonds

Question 19

What bonds form between the amino acids in translation?

Answer 19

Peptide bonds.

Question 20

What does the formation of peptide bonds require?

Answer 20

ATP