Transcription/Translation

Question 1

Chromosome

Answer 1

Long lengths of DNA coiled up

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

Short section of DNA that codes for a protein

Question 3

Protein synthesis

Answer 3

The production of proteins in a cell

Question 4

Allele

Answer 4

Different version of the same gene

Question 5

DNA properties

Answer 5

Double helix, linked by paired bases (AT and CG)

Question 6

Codon

Answer 6

Sequence of three bases, codes for an amino acid

Question 7

mRNA

Answer 7

Single stranded, uses uracil instead of thymine

Question 8

Transcription:

Answer 8

1. RNA polymerase binds to region of non-coding DNA
2. DNA strands unzip and RNA polymerase moves along
3. Uses coding DNA as template to make mRNA, complementary base pairing
4. mRNA molecules moves out of nucleus into cytoplasm

Question 9

Translation:

Answer 9

1. mRNA moves to ribosome
2. Amino acids brought to ribosome by tRNA
3. Order matches order of codons in mRNA
4. Anticodon complementary to codon
5. Amino acids joined together by ribosome to make protein

Question 10

Stem cells advantages:

Answer 10

Can turn into any type of cell, used for medicine/research, cure many diseases

Question 11

Stem cells disadvantages:

Answer 11

Risk of lab contamination, people think embryos should have rights