Transcription

Question 1

Primary substances involved

Answer 1

m-RNA
t-RNA
r-RNA

Question 2

encode for one protein

Answer 2

gene

Question 3

reads DNA and synthesizes m-RNA

Answer 3

RNA polymerase

Question 4

Two parts of RNA polymerase

Answer 4

core and sigma subunit

Question 5

consists of a promoter, genes, and a terminator

Answer 5

Operon

Question 6

transcription sub steps

Answer 6

initiation, elongation, termination

Question 7

____ begins with binding of the ____ factor to the promoter region of DNA. Promoters vary in ___ affinity for the sigma ___. When the sigma factor is ____, elongation begins. m-RNA synthesis stops when RNA ____ encounters a terminator.

Answer 7

Initiation, sigma, binding, factor, released, polymerase

Question 8

The holoenzyme approaches the DNA (promoter region), the sigma ____ the core to the DNA and then the ___ leaves. The _____ starts when the sigma leaves then the core pass through the ____ (reacting), it produces ___ (elongation). When the core ____ the stop (predetermined), the reaction will stop and the ____ of m-RNA stops also. The ____ (rho) collects the core unit in the DNA. The m-RNA is ____.

Answer 8

attaches, sigma, transcription, ACTGs, m-RNA, reached, production, enzyme, released

Question 9

can be polygenic

Answer 9

Procaryotic transcription

Question 10

do not do polygenic messages

Answer 10

Eukaryotic

Question 11

transcription and translation occur simultaneously

Answer 11

procaryotes

Question 12

m-RNA in eukaryotes can have nonsense segments, called ____. Opposite is ____.

Answer 12

introns, exon

Question 13

make it more difficult to transfer eucaryotic genes to procaryotes

Answer 13

Introns

Question 14

5’ end is modified by the addition of a guanine nucleotide with a methyl group attached

Answer 14

RNA-capping

Question 15

string of adenine nucleotides is added to the 3’ end

Answer 15

Polyadenylation