Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Molecular basis > Transcription > Flashcards

Transcription Flashcards

1
Q

What is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA?

A

Transcription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does transcription occur in a eukaryotic cell?

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What enzyme is responsible for transcription?

A

RNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three main steps of transcription?

A

Initiation, elongation, termination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

During which step of transcription does RNA polymerase bind to the promoter region of DNA?

A

Initiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the name of the DNA region where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription?

A

Promoter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the term for the DNA sequence that signals the end of transcription?

A

Terminator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or False: During transcription, RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA in the 3’ to 5’ direction.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the template strand used for during transcription?

A

Synthesis of RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the non-template strand also known as during transcription?

A

Coding strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of the first nucleotide added during transcription?

A

Initiator nucleotide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the three types of RNA produced during transcription?

A

mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which type of RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome?

A

mRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the role of tRNA during protein synthesis?

A

Carries amino acids to the ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of rRNA in the ribosome?

A

Forms the ribosomal subunits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the name of the structure where transcription and translation occur simultaneously in prokaryotes?

A

Polyribosome

17
Q

What is the name of the region in the DNA template where transcription begins?

A

Initiation site

18
Q

Which step of transcription involves the synthesis of an RNA molecule?

A

Elongation

19
Q

What happens to RNA polymerase during the termination step of transcription?

A

It dissociates from the DNA template

20
Q

What is the name of the enzyme that adds nucleotides to the growing RNA chain during transcription?

A

RNA polymerase

21
Q

What are the two regions of a gene that flank the coding region and are transcribed into RNA?

A

Promoter and terminator

22
Q

What is the name of the DNA sequence that signals the end of a gene?

A

Terminator

23
Q

What is the significance of the poly(A) tail added to the 3’ end of mRNA during transcription?

A

It protects the mRNA from degradation

24
Q

What is the role of the 5’ cap added to mRNA during transcription?

A

It helps in the initiation of translation

25
Q

What is the name of the process where pre-mRNA is modified before it can be translated into a protein?

A

RNA processing

26
Q

What are the two main modifications that occur during RNA processing?

A

Addition of 5’ cap and poly(A) tail, splicing

27
Q

What is the term for the removal of introns and joining of exons in pre-mRNA?

A

Splicing

28
Q

What is the name of the enzyme complex responsible for splicing pre-mRNA?

A

Spliceosome

29
Q

What is the term for the mature mRNA that has undergone RNA processing?

A

mRNA

30
Q

What is the name of the RNA molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

A

tRNA

31
Q

What is the role of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotic translation?

A

It helps in the binding of mRNA to the ribosome

32
Q

What is the name of the process where the genetic information in mRNA is used to synthesize a protein?

A

Translation

33
Q

What is the name of the organelle where translation occurs in eukaryotic cells?

A

Ribosome

34
Q

What is the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds during translation?

A

Peptidyl transferase

Molecular basis (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions