Traditional Trade Routes Flashcards
- From Italy but sailed under the Spanish flag
- Found and explored the Caribbean islands
- Established first permanent European contact with the Western Hemisphere
Christopher Columbus
- Sailed for Spain
- Conquered Aztecs in central Mexico
- Landed in 1519 and defeated Moctezuma
- Destroyed Tenochtitlan
- Built in Mexico City
Hernando Cortez
- Sailed for Spain and conquered the Incas
- Gained the throne after a bloody war with Atahualpa
- Captured the king and wanted a high ransom
- The Incas paid but he killed the king anyways
- Overran the Incas and added much of South America to the Spanish Empire
Francisco Pizarro
Invented by Johannesburg Gutenberg and spread news
Printing Press
- Portuguese navigator and explorer who sailed for Spain
- First to have a crew to circumnavigate the world
- Died on the way
Ferdinand Magellan
The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.
Colonialism
- English sailor
- Second to circumnavigate
- Raided Spanish settlements to gain riches for the Queen of England
- Gained hatred from the Spanish
- Later helped defeat the Spanish Armada
Sir France’s Drake
- Global transfer of plants, animals, disease, and food between the eastern and western hemispheres during the age of exploration
- New world sent corn, potatoes, and tobacco
- Old world sent horses, cattle, and diseases
Colombian Exchange
- Caribbean sent sugar to Europe
- Europe sent rum to west Africa
- West Africa sent slaves to the Caribbean
Triangular Trade Routes
•European maritime nations competed for overseas markets, colonies, and resources
•A whole new economic system emerged:
a.New money and banking systems were created
b.Economic practices such as mercantilism evolved
c.Colonial economies were limited by the economic needs of the mother country
Commercial Revolution
- Placed an emphasis on reason and the systematic observance of nature.
- The scientific method was used in developing experiments to expand scientific knowledge.
- However, scientific discoveries were not always welcomed or accepted, especially by leaders of the Catholic Church.
Scientific Revolution
•Created the heliocentric theory; the earth revolved around the sun
Copernicus
Used math and models of planetary motion to prove the heliocentric theory
Johannes Kepler
- Navigator for France
- Explored eastern Canada and the St. Lawrence River
Jacques Cartier
Used an improved telescope to prove the heliocentric theory
Galileo Galilei
