Trachte: Tests of Pulmonary Function Flashcards

1
Q

A low lung volume, reduced max flow rate and normal FEV1/FVC is indicative of what disease?

A

Restritive disease

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2
Q

How does obstructive lung disease affect lung volume FEV1/FVC and flow rate?

A

HIGH lung volume

REDUCED FEV1/FVC

REDUCED max flow rate

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3
Q

What decreases FEV1?

A

REDUCED by INCREASED airway resistance and DECREASED elastic recoil of the lung

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4
Q

What is FEV1 limited by?

A

Dynamic compression of the airways

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5
Q

How do you measure FRC?

A

He dilution

N2 washout

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6
Q

How do you measure diffusion?

A

CO disappearance

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7
Q

How do you measure pulmonary blood flow?

A

Fick principle

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8
Q

How do you measure ventilation perfusion relationships?

A

Radioactive xenon

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9
Q

How do you measure the inequality of ventilation perfusion rates?

A

A-a gradient (alveolar to arterial gradient)

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10
Q

What should an A-a gradient typically be?

A

4 mmHg

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11
Q

How do you measure compliance?

A

Have a subject swallow an esophageal pressure transducer and measure pressure changes corresponding to exhaled volume

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12
Q

How do you measure airway resistance?

A

body plethysmograph while measuring air flow

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13
Q

How does a body plethysmograph work?

A

Inspiration causes pressure change in the box>

can calculate the change in alveolar pressure from the change in volume

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14
Q

How do you measure closing volume? How does it work?

A

N washout

Maximal inhalation of 100% oxygen and maximal exhalation

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15
Q

What are the four phases of N2 measurement?

A
  1. Pure dead space (flat w/ no N2)
  2. Mixture of dead space and alveolar ventilation (rising)
  3. Pure alveolar ventilation (flat w/ 30-40% N2)
  4. Spike in N2 concentration at END of expiration (signals CLOSING of airways at base of lung)
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16
Q

What causes the spike in N2 concentration at the end of expiration?

A

Preferential emptying of apical regions of the lung

17
Q

How do you measure chemoreceptor responsiveness?

A

Having a subject rebreathe into a bag

  • have to keep O2 constant if checking for CO2 responsiveness
  • Have to keep CO2 constant if checking for O2 responsiveness