Trace Minerals Flashcards
Iron populations at risk of deficiency
- premature infants, young children, females of childbearing age, vegetarians
iron anemia from deficiency
microcytic hypochromic anemia
Heme iron sources
animal sources; meats and seafoods
Non heme sources of iron
vegetables, grains, enriched bakery products, supplements
iodine primary function
- key component of thyroid hormones
- regulate metabolic and developmental functions
zinc important roles
dna and rna synthesis
immune function
antioxidant defense network
role in 300 diff enzymes
zinc deficiency
immune dysfunction
fluoride function
supports deposition of calcium and phosphorus in teeth and bones
fluoride dietary source
fluorinated water, tea, seafoof, and seaweed
iron functions
hemoglobin and myoglobin
iron containing enzymes in energy metabolims, mitochondrial cytochromes, drug and alcohol metabolism
food sources of zinc
meat and seafood
nuts
beans
whole grains
improve non heme iron absorption
- consuming with vit c
- consuming w heme sources
stuff that increases iron absorption
- being in the ferrous (Fe2+ state)
- heme iron in food
- vitamin C intake
- Gastric acidity
most widespread mineral deficiency worldwide
iron
iron UL
can be harmful bc iron forms free radical compounds
zinc food sources
MEAT ANDS SEAFOOD
nuts
beans
whole grains
zinc upper level reason
reduced copper absorption and activity of copper containing enzymes
iodine deficiencies
goiter = enlarged thyroid gland to increase trapping of iodine
cretinism = stunted physical and mental growth due to congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones
fluorosis
acute toxicity is life threatening
chronic intake of excessive fluoride
anemia cause
decreased synthesis of RBCs due to nutrient deficiences
selenium
GPx
antioxidant
