TPR Endocrine system

Question 1

hormone

Answer 1

a molecule that is secreted into the bloodstream by an endocrine gland

Question 2

endocrine gland

Answer 2

a ductless gland, whose secretory products are picked up by capillaries

Question 3

exocrine gland

Answer 3

a gland whose secretory products go to the external environment by way of ducts that empty into the gastrointestinal lumen or the exterior world

Question 4

hormone receptor

Answer 4

is a polypeptide that possesses a ligand specific binding site

Question 5

autocrine

Answer 5

when signalling molecules modify the cell which secreted them

Question 6

Example of autocrine in the immune system

Answer 6

T cells secrete IL-2, which binds to receptors on the same T cell, to increase its activity

Question 7

where do hydrophilic hormones bind?

Answer 7

peptides and amino acidderivatives bind to the cell surface, because they cannot pass the plasma membrane

Question 8

where do hydrophobic hormones bind?

Answer 8

steroids bind the cellular interior, because they can pass the plasma membrane

Question 9

hypophysis

Answer 9

another name for the pituitary gland

Question 10

another name for anterior pituitary gland

Answer 10

adenohypophysis

Question 11

another name for posterior pituitary gland

Answer 11

neurohypophysis

Question 12

thyroid hormone

Answer 12

produced from the amino acid tyrosine, produced in the thyroid gland and has two forms, with 3 or 4 iodine atoms per molecule

Question 13

TSH

Answer 13

thyroid stimulating hormone, from the anterior pituitary, increases the production of thyroid hormone

Question 14

ACTH

Answer 14

causes the release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex

Question 15

cortisol

Answer 15

helps the body deal with stress; helps mobilize glycogen from fat stores to provide energy during stress and also increases the consumption of proteins for energy