TPR Flashcards
State the normal range for body temperature in a healthy adult?
36-37.5 degrees centigrade
List 3 reasons for measuring body temperature?
- Establish baseline temp- admission to hospital
- Monitor fluctuations in temp- post operative, development of infection
- Monitor signs of incompatibility- blood transfusion
- Monitor temp of patients- being treated for infection or hypothermia
List 4 sites where temperature can be measured?
Mouth, Ear, Axilla(armpit), Groin(between torso and legs), or Rectum
Hypothermia
When core temperature is below 35°c.
Once at 32°c might cause shivering, muscle cramps, blood pressure, pulse and respiration rates fall, vasoconstriction fails(narrowing of blood vessels).
Death occurs at temperature falling below 25°c
What is Pyrexia?
Is the elevation of body temperature above the normal range(fever).
List 4 factors which influence temperature?
- Exercise
- Hormonal influences
- Age
- Circadian rhythm-internal clock affecting melatonin
- Infections within the body
Each cycle of respiration consists of 3 phases which are?
- Inhalation
- Exhalation
- Pause
List three factors that influence respiration?
- Activity/Exercise
- Acute/Chronic pain
- Airway/Respiratory disease
What is Tachypnoea?
It’s a condition of rapid breathing in adults it is greater than 20 breaths per minute.
Causes can be exercise, labour etc
What is Apnoea?
A temporary ceasing of breathing from any cause.
Drug induced, choking, holding ones breath and sleep apnea.
What is Bradypnoea?
Abnormally slow breathing rate.
An adults normal respiration is?
Range between 12-18
When assessing respiration what 3 aspects should be considered?
- Rate per minute
- Depth- chest wall movement
- Rhythm- sequence pattern of respiration
Identify sites where you can detect the pulse?
Temporal- forehead, Carotid- neck, Brachial- inner elbow, Radial- inner wrist, Femoral- inner thigh, Popliteal- inner nee, Dorsalis predis- top of foot, Posterial tibial- heal
List 5 reasons for monitoring pulse?
- Establish whether pulse is within normal range
- Preoperative assessment or 3. Postoperative assessment
- Assess for shock or fluid loss- vomiting, diarrhoea, blood
- Assess cardiovascular or pulmonary disease-irregularities
- Monitor receiving blood transfusions or drugs- rapid pulse can be first sign to reaction