Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

YEAR 1 > Medical Glossary > Flashcards

Medical Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Abscess

A

A walled cavity containing pus, surrounded by inflamed or dying tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acute

A

A condition that begins abruptly and may last a short time. 3-6months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chronic

A

A persistent medical condition that usually last more than 6 months.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Antibiotic

A

A medical drug that acts against bacteria. It has no effect on viruses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A drug used to limit any tendency for blood to clot within the arteries or veins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Arrhythmia

A

An irregular heartbeat due to a defect in the electrical impulses or pathways that control contractions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Arthritis

A

Inflammation in a joint, causing varying degrees of pain, swelling, redness and restriction of movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Asthma

A

A disease in which the airways narrow so that breathing becomes intermittently difficult.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Atrial fibrillation

A

A disorder in which the atria beat very rapidly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Atrial septal defect

A

A hole in the wall of the septum between the upper two chambers of the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Autoimmune disease

A

A disease caused by a defect in the immune system, which attacks the body’s own tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Balloon angioplasty

A

The use of a catheter with an inflatable tip to widen an artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Benign

A

Mild and with no tendency to spread.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Malignant

A

Refers to a cancerous tumour that may spread throughout the body, causing death.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Betablocker

A

A drug that blocks the action of adrenaline which slows the pulse and reduces blood pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Biopsy

A

A sample of tissue from any part of the body suspected of disease and examined under a microscopic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cyst

A

A walled cavity which is usually spherical filled with fluid or semi-solid matter usually benign.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cystitis

A

Inflammation of the urinary bladder, usually caused by infection. Produces painful urination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cranial nerves

A

12 pairs of nerves emerging from the brain and brainstem. They include nerves for smell, sight,eye movement, facial movement, sensation, hearing, taste and head movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Defibrillation

A

A strong pulse of electrical current applied to the heart to restore it’s normal rhythm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Dialysis

A

Artificial kidney machine. That filtrates waste excretion and preservation of essential nutrients.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Dopamine

A

A chemical messenger in the brain that is involved in the control of body movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Duodenum

A

First part of the small intestine in which the stomach empties into. Ducts from the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas all enter the duodenum.

24
Q

Embolus

A

Any material such as blood clots, air bubbles, bone marrow, fat, or tumour cells carried into the bloodstream.

25
Q

Endorphins

A

A morphine like substance produced by the body in times of pain, stress and also exercise.

26
Q

Enzyme

A

A protein that accelerates a chemical reaction.

27
Q

Gallstone

A

An oval mass of cholesterol, calcium and bile pigment that forms in the gallbladder. Vary in size and are more common in women.

28
Q

Gastritis

A

An inflammation of the stomach lining from any cause, including infection or alcohol.

29
Q

Glaucoma

A

An abnormal rise in the pressure of the fluids within the eye, that if left untreated, causes internal damage to the eye that may result in blindness.

30
Q

Glucose

A

A simple sugar obtained by breakdown of long-chain carbohydrates, such as starch,in the diet. Glucose is also known as blood sugar and is the main form of energy within the body.

31
Q

Haematoma

A

An accumulation of blood within any part of the body, caused by a torn blood vessel.

32
Q

Haemoglobin

A

The protein in red blood cells that combines with oxygen, carrying it from the lungs throughout the body.

33
Q

Haemorrhage

A

The escape of blood from a blood vessel, usually as a result of an injury.

34
Q

Heart Valve

A

One of four structures of the heart that allow passage of blood in one direction only.

35
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver, usually as a result of a viral infection, excess alcohol or toxic substances. Symptoms include fever and jaundice.

36
Q

Hippocampus

A

A structure of the brain concerned with learning and long-term memory.

37
Q

Homeostasis

A

Active processes by which an organism maintains constant internal conditions.

38
Q

Hypothalamus

A

A small structure located at the base of the brain, where the nervous and hormonal system of the body interact. It is linked to the thalamus.

39
Q

Jaundice

A

A yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes that is due to deposition of bile pigment. Jaundice results from altered liver function.

40
Q

Killer T-cells

A

White blood cells that can destroy damaged ,infected or malignant body cells.

41
Q

Larynx

A

the structure in the neck at the top of the trachea, known as the voice box.

42
Q

Leukaemia

A

A group of blood disorders in which malignant white blood cells grow in bone marrow and invade organs elsewhere in the body.

43
Q

Lymph node

A

A small, oval gland packed with white blood cells that act as a barrier to the spread of infection. Nodes occur in series along lymph vessels.

44
Q

Mammography

A

X-ray screening of the breast using low radiation x-rays to detect early stages of cancer.

45
Q

Mastectomy

A

Surgical removal of part or all of the breast. It is usually used to treat breast cancer and is followed on with radiotherapy.

46
Q

Meiosis

A

The stage in the formation of the egg and sperm when the chromosomal material is randomly distributed and the number of chromosomes are reduced to 23 instead of 46.

47
Q

Mitosis

A

The process by which a cell nucleus divides to produce two daughter cells, each of which has the identical genetic make-up of the parent cell.

48
Q

Mitral Valve

A

The valve that lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart.

49
Q

Motor neuron

A

A nerve cell that carries the impulse to muscles that cause it’s movement.

50
Q

Motor neuron disease

A

A rare disorder in which motor neurons suffer a progressive destruction, resulting in a corresponding loss of movement.

51
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

One of several herditary muscle disorders featuring gradual. progressive muscle degeneration and weakening.

52
Q

Nerve

A

The thread-like projections of individual neurons(nerve cells) held together by a fibrous sheath. Nerves carry electrical impulses to and from the brain and spinal cord and other body parts.

53
Q

Neuron

A

A single nerve cell, the function of which is to transmit electrical impulses.

54
Q

Noninvasive

A

Any medical procedure that does not involve penetration of the skin or an entry into the body through any of the natural openings.

55
Q

Analgesia

A

Reduced sensitivity to pain without loss of consciousness and without sense of touch being affected

YEAR 1 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions