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Toxicology > Toxins Based on Properties > Flashcards

Toxins Based on Properties Flashcards

1
Q

Lead

A

PLUMBISM
Found in canned goods, automobile exhaust as tetraethyl lead, wine glasses, old pipes, cables, paint, newspaper

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2
Q

Gold

A

DERMATITIS
Found in gold salts
Used as anti-inflammatory agents (Auranofin for RA and SLE)

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3
Q

Lithium

A

ADH ANTAGONIST, RESULTS TO NEPHROGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS
Used as heat exchanger in air conditioner
Salts are for mania

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4
Q

Cobalt

A

Used in manufacturing of permanent magnet
Metal in vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)

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5
Q

Osmium

A

Densest metal used in preparation of slides in electron microscopy

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6
Q

Manganese

A

CNS DISTRURBANCES (TREAT WITH EDTA)
Used as cofactor in enzymatic reactions
Pyruvate decarboxylase enzyme
Production of dry cell batteries

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7
Q

Arsenic

A

PROTOPLASMIC POISON
“Lewisite metal”
In manufacturing of insecticides (ex. Paris green, Fowler’s and Donovan’s solution)

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8
Q

Cadmium

A

ITAI-ITAI DISEASE (TREAT WITH EDTA)
Found in anti-dandruff shampoos, in smoke and stink bombs

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9
Q

Beryllium

A

MOST TOXIC METAL
CAUSES BERYLLIOSIS
LUNG CACINOMA (CHRONIC GRANULOMAS)
(TREAT WITH CALCIUM EDTA)
Found in fluorescent and neon lamps

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10
Q

Iodine

A

IODISM
Iodized salt over ingestion

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11
Q

Copper

A

WILSON’S DISEASE
HEPATOLENTICULAR DEGENERATION (TREAT WITH PENICILLAMINE)
Used in water purification (fungicidal as CuSO4 + CaO in Bordeaux mixture)

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12
Q

Nickel

A

CONTACT DERMATITIS
MOST POWERFUL INORGANIC CARCINOGEN
Fancy jewelries
Produced in fossil fuel combustion

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13
Q

Chromium

A

DIABETES MELLITUS-LIKE (TREAT WITH BAL)
Glucose intolerance factor
Found in brown sugar and butter

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14
Q

Aluminum

A

SHAVER’S DISEASE
CONSTIPATION
3rd most abundant element, most abundant metal
Constipating and astringent effects
Used as an abrasive and for healing burns

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15
Q

Zirconium

A

GRANULOMAS
In deodorants and antiperspirants

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16
Q

Zinc

A

METAL FUME FEVER- FEVER FOR 36 HOURS WITH DELAYED CHILLS (TREAT WITH PARACETAMOL, ASPIRIN FOR FEVER, AND SOD. BICARBONATE)
Used in galvanizing iron
Container for battery cells
Deficiency causes parakeratosis
Present in insulit

17
Q

Silver

A

ARGYRIA
Found in inedible ink
Used as protein precipitant

18
Q

Mecury

A

MINAMATA DISEASE
HYDRARGYRISM
“Quicksilver”
Found in thermometers, cosmetics (calomel), in Merthiolate

19
Q

Barium

A

BARITOSIS
DIGITALIS LIKE TOXICITY
Alters permeability of cell membranes, increasing depolarization- muscle twitching, tremors, convulsions, hypokalemia (muscle weakness), hoarseness (TREAT WITH MAG SUL AND Na2SO4)
Found in depilatories
Green colored fireworks
“Green pyrotech”

20
Q

Fluorine

A

FLUOROSIS IN CHILDREN
MOTTLED ENAMEL
ABNORMAL BONE GROWTH
Found in drinking water supply and in toothpaste
Used as rat and roach poison

21
Q

Bromine

A

BROMINSM
SKIN ERUPTIONS, WEAKNESS, PSYCHOSIS
Dark brownish volatile liquid with suffocating odor

22
Q

Antimony

A

PROTOPLASMIC POISON
SAME EFFECTS AS ARSENIC BUT WITH ADDED MYOCARDIAL DAMAGE (TREAT WITH BAL)
Found in tartar emetic and brown mixture

23
Q

Phosphorus

A

“LUCIFER’S JAW”
HIGHLY CORROSIVE
DIRECTLY TOXIC TO THE HEART AND VASCULAR TONE
CUTANEOUS BURNS
GARLIC ODOR (with luminescence of vomitus and feces)
HEPATIC AND RENAL FOR 4 DAYS
St. Elmo’s fire
Found in matches and firecrackers (watusi)
Rat and roach poison

24
Q

Tungsten

A

“Wolframite”
Manufacture of lamps and ball point pens

25
Q

Thallium

A

HAIR LOSS (ALOPECIA) PAIN IN EXTREMITIES (TREAT WITH PRUSSIAN BLUE)
“Green twig’
Used as rat and roach poison (rodenticide)

26
Q

Boric acid

A

BOILED LOBSTER APPEARANCE
Astringent preparations

27
Q

Nitrite

A

CARCINOGENIC
Food preservative
Colorant

28
Q

Potassium bromate

A

CARCINOGENIC
NEPHROTOXIC
Dough improver (pandesal)
Found in cold wave neutralizers

29
Q

Tartrazine

A

ALLERGIC REACTION
FD&C Yellow 5, food colorant

30
Q

MSG

A

CHINESE RESTAURANT SYNDROME
Monosodium glutamate

31
Q

Monomethyl hydrazine

A

CARCINOGENIC
From poisonous mushroom
Gyrometra esculenta

32
Q

Tannic acid

A

CARCINOGENIC
Found in tea

33
Q

BHA/ BHT

A

CARCINOGENIC
Antioxidants

34
Q

Saccharin

A

CARCINOGENIC
NEUROTOXIC
GENOTOXIC
Artificial sweetener

35
Q

Aspartame

A

NEUROLOGICAL
Artificial sweetener

Toxicology (7 decks)

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