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USMLE step3 > toxin > Flashcards

toxin Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

lead toxicity

A

5-44 Nothing
45-69 = 2,3 dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA , succimer) with the side effecy of rash and neutopeniaa

sever more than 70 = dimercaprol plus calcium disodium edetate( EDTA)

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2
Q

ginko bilboba

A

memory enhancement

increased bleeding

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3
Q

ginsing

A

improved mental performance

increased bleeding

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4
Q

saw palmetto

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

mild stomach discomfort

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5
Q

black cohosh

A

menoposal symptomes( hot flashes and vaginal dryness)

hepatic injury

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6
Q

st johns wort

A

depression insomnia

drug intaction : antidepressant ( serotonin synd)
OCs( oral conta..)
anticogulant( decreases the INR)
digoxin

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7
Q

kava

A

anxiety and insomnia

sever liver damage

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8
Q

licorice

A

stomach ulcers , bronchitis

hypertension and hypokalemia

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9
Q

echinacea

A

treatment and prevention of cold and flu

allergic reaction , dyspepsia

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10
Q

ephedra

A

treatment if cold and weight loss

HTN arrhythmia, MI, sudden death , stroke, seizure

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11
Q

scombroid poisening

A

spicy fish , flushing, throbing headacem palpitations, and abdominal
cramps , diarrhea , oral burning

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12
Q

inducers

A

chronic alcoholsim, barbituates, carbamazepin, grisiofulvin, modafinil, pjenytoin, rifampin, st johns wort

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13
Q

inhibitors

A

acute alcoholisim, amiodarone, azoles, cimethidine, diltiazim and verapamil, grapefruit juice, izoniazides, macrolides, quinolones, protease inhibitors ( ritonavir) ,SSRI

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14
Q

riluzole

A

glutamate inhibitor prolong survaival andd delay the need for tracheostomy

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15
Q

gerstman synd

A

dominanat parital , difficulty performing simple arthmetic tast ( acalculia) , inability to name individual fingers, ( finger afnosia) , impaired writing(agraphia) , right and left confusion

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16
Q

copying simple act , line drwang, wearing clothes. dressing apraxia,

A

nondominant parietal ( right side)

17
Q

wernike

A

dominant temporal

18
Q

temporal (both sides )

A

homonymous upper quadrantanopia)

19
Q

3 hz spike and wave discharge

A

absence epilepsy

20
Q
A
21
Q

tuberous sclerosis ( if you can read t in the book)

A

AD,
derm: ash leaf spot, angiofiromas, shagreen patches,
neurologic; CNS lesions, (subemendymal tumors,) epilepsy, intellectual disability, autisim,
cardiovascular; rhabdomyomas,
renal ; angiomyolipomas

22
Q

disease modifying drugs for MS

A

beta interfrone, glatiramer

23
Q

tizanidine

A

muscle relaxant

24
Q

valproic acid side effects

A

thrombocytopenia, and other cells,, hepatotoxicity, and panreatitis, and its teratogen

25
Q

tissue plasminogen antidote

A

cryoprecipitate

26
Q

dabigatran antidote

A

Idarucizumab

27
Q

manifestations of sarcoidosis

A

pulmonary: bilateral hilar adenopathy , iterstitial infiltrates
cutaneous; popular , nodular, or plaquelike lesions, erythema nodosum,
ophtalmologic: anterio and posterior uveitis, keratoconjictivitis,
reticuloendothelial, : peripheral lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly,
musculoskeletal; acute polyarthritis, chronic arthritis,
cardiovascular ; atrioventricular block, dilated restrictive cardiomegaly
CNS and endocrine; facial nerve palsy, central DI, hypercalcemia
lofgern synd; erythema nodosum, hilar adenopathy, migratory polyarthralgia, fever

28
Q

fronto temporal dementia

A

tau protein inclusions ( pick body)
50-6-
hyperorality apathy and ritialistic, behavioral … , empathy losss

29
Q

wernicke encephalopaty 3 items

A

encephalopathy : disorientation,
oculomotor dysfunction ; lateral rectuss palsy
gait ataxia; wide based gaitkor

30
Q

korsakof synd

A

retrograde and anterograde amnesia and confabulation, social behaivor and long term memory loss, ; mammillary body atrophy

31
Q

cerebral palsy MRI

A

periventricular leukomalacia basal gangllia lesions

32
Q

two item check before thrombolysis

A

BP under 180 and start the antipletlet after 24 hours, avoid hypotention

33
Q

what kind of hematoma in chldren needs CT scan

A

nonfrontal hematoma

34
Q

large vessel oclusion

A

24 h mechanical thrombectoy

35
Q
A

USMLE step3 (17 decks)

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