toxicology Flashcards
organophospates act on what
mimic ach CNS
for all the herbicides/pesticides, what is the treatment?
supportive care unless op/carbamate then atropine
what causes myotonia and weakness in the rear legs of dog
phenoxy- dicamba
what does paraquat do
creates superoxides that cause lung fibrosis and renal tubular necrosis
what causes dog cataracts thats a pesticide
diquat
in general what do all of the pesticides cause
CNS signs unless a rodenticide or paraquat or diquat
what rodenticide causes delayed cns signs
vit k antag because it takes time to deplete
LD 50 for dicamba in dogs
myotonia. 100 mg.kg
what does zinc cause
hematopoietic effects
in general where do the metals/mineral target
GI
what causes liquifactive necrosis
alkali products– draino, oven cleaners, ammonia
oven cleaners has what label
danger label <50mg/kg
for all the household cleaners what is the treatment
dilute!
cats are more sensitive to what cleaner, why
phenols- phenolic and pine oil
they lack the MOA to eliminate it
caution label LD 50
500mg-5g/kg
warning LD50 label
50-500mg /kg
cat 6 danger posion
<6mg/kg
what do you do if an animal ingests an anionic detergent
fairly safe. monitor and treat signs
what does the daffodil target and what family is it in
contact irritant
narcisicus
what is the toxic dose of onions/garlic
0.5% bw or 5g/kg
xmas plants in general cause
GI
what is the cardiotoxic substance that acts like digoxin
oleandrin
what does oleandrin do
inhibits the na/k pump, bradycardia, dysrrhythmia, hypersalivation
how do we diagnose a cardiotoxic plant like foxglove or dogbane
hyperkalemia, ECG abn
specific treatments for cardiotox plants
charcoal, atropine for brady, lidocaine for arrhy
clinical signs for tobacco tox. tox dose?
1 mg/kg
shaking, twitching, salivation
why does rhododendron cause vomiting
stimulates the vagus n
black walnut causes what
laminitis in hoses– vasoconstriction
red maple causes what
oxidative hemolysis from aceritannin
black cherry causes what
cyanide, irreversibly binds oxygen
treatment for rhododendron tox
a tenth of the anesthetic dose of ace
