toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

organophospates act on what

A

mimic ach CNS

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2
Q

for all the herbicides/pesticides, what is the treatment?

A

supportive care unless op/carbamate then atropine

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3
Q

what causes myotonia and weakness in the rear legs of dog

A

phenoxy- dicamba

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4
Q

what does paraquat do

A

creates superoxides that cause lung fibrosis and renal tubular necrosis

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5
Q

what causes dog cataracts thats a pesticide

A

diquat

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6
Q

in general what do all of the pesticides cause

A

CNS signs unless a rodenticide or paraquat or diquat

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7
Q

what rodenticide causes delayed cns signs

A

vit k antag because it takes time to deplete

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8
Q

LD 50 for dicamba in dogs

A

myotonia. 100 mg.kg

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9
Q

what does zinc cause

A

hematopoietic effects

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10
Q

in general where do the metals/mineral target

A

GI

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11
Q

what causes liquifactive necrosis

A

alkali products– draino, oven cleaners, ammonia

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12
Q

oven cleaners has what label

A

danger label <50mg/kg

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13
Q

for all the household cleaners what is the treatment

A

dilute!

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14
Q

cats are more sensitive to what cleaner, why

A

phenols- phenolic and pine oil

they lack the MOA to eliminate it

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15
Q

caution label LD 50

A

500mg-5g/kg

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16
Q

warning LD50 label

A

50-500mg /kg

17
Q

cat 6 danger posion

18
Q

what do you do if an animal ingests an anionic detergent

A

fairly safe. monitor and treat signs

19
Q

what does the daffodil target and what family is it in

A

contact irritant
narcisicus

20
Q

what is the toxic dose of onions/garlic

A

0.5% bw or 5g/kg

21
Q

xmas plants in general cause

22
Q

what is the cardiotoxic substance that acts like digoxin

23
Q

what does oleandrin do

A

inhibits the na/k pump, bradycardia, dysrrhythmia, hypersalivation

24
Q

how do we diagnose a cardiotoxic plant like foxglove or dogbane

A

hyperkalemia, ECG abn

25
specific treatments for cardiotox plants
charcoal, atropine for brady, lidocaine for arrhy
26
clinical signs for tobacco tox. tox dose?
1 mg/kg shaking, twitching, salivation
27
why does rhododendron cause vomiting
stimulates the vagus n
28
black walnut causes what
laminitis in hoses-- vasoconstriction
29
red maple causes what
oxidative hemolysis from aceritannin
30
black cherry causes what
cyanide, irreversibly binds oxygen
31
treatment for rhododendron tox
a tenth of the anesthetic dose of ace