toxicology

Question 1

organophospates act on what

Answer 1

mimic ach CNS

Question 2

for all the herbicides/pesticides, what is the treatment?

Answer 2

supportive care unless op/carbamate then atropine

Question 3

what causes myotonia and weakness in the rear legs of dog

Answer 3

phenoxy- dicamba

Question 4

what does paraquat do

Answer 4

creates superoxides that cause lung fibrosis and renal tubular necrosis

Question 5

what causes dog cataracts thats a pesticide

Answer 5

diquat

Question 6

in general what do all of the pesticides cause

Answer 6

CNS signs unless a rodenticide or paraquat or diquat

Question 7

what rodenticide causes delayed cns signs

Answer 7

vit k antag because it takes time to deplete

Question 8

LD 50 for dicamba in dogs

Answer 8

myotonia. 100 mg.kg

Question 9

what does zinc cause

Answer 9

hematopoietic effects

Question 10

in general where do the metals/mineral target

Answer 10

GI

Question 11

what causes liquifactive necrosis

Answer 11

alkali products– draino, oven cleaners, ammonia

Question 12

oven cleaners has what label

Answer 12

danger label <50mg/kg

Question 13

for all the household cleaners what is the treatment

Answer 13

dilute!

Question 14

cats are more sensitive to what cleaner, why

Answer 14

phenols- phenolic and pine oil

they lack the MOA to eliminate it

Question 15

caution label LD 50

Answer 15

500mg-5g/kg

Question 16

warning LD50 label

Answer 16

50-500mg /kg

Question 17

cat 6 danger posion

Answer 17

<6mg/kg

Question 18

what do you do if an animal ingests an anionic detergent

Answer 18

fairly safe. monitor and treat signs

Question 19

what does the daffodil target and what family is it in

Answer 19

contact irritant
narcisicus

Question 20

what is the toxic dose of onions/garlic

Answer 20

0.5% bw or 5g/kg

Question 21

xmas plants in general cause

Answer 21

GI

Question 22

what is the cardiotoxic substance that acts like digoxin

Answer 22

oleandrin

Question 23

what does oleandrin do

Answer 23

inhibits the na/k pump, bradycardia, dysrrhythmia, hypersalivation

Question 24

how do we diagnose a cardiotoxic plant like foxglove or dogbane

Answer 24

hyperkalemia, ECG abn

Question 25

specific treatments for cardiotox plants

Answer 25

charcoal, atropine for brady, lidocaine for arrhy

Question 26

clinical signs for tobacco tox. tox dose?

Answer 26

1 mg/kg
shaking, twitching, salivation

Question 27

why does rhododendron cause vomiting

Answer 27

stimulates the vagus n

Question 28

black walnut causes what

Answer 28

laminitis in hoses– vasoconstriction

Question 29

red maple causes what

Answer 29

oxidative hemolysis from aceritannin

Question 30

black cherry causes what

Answer 30

cyanide, irreversibly binds oxygen

Question 31

treatment for rhododendron tox

Answer 31

a tenth of the anesthetic dose of ace