clin path

Question 1

How do we approach CBC results

Answer 1

erythron
leukon
thrombon
protein
energy
renal
mineral
liver
muscle
pancreas and gi

Question 2

if it is regenerative. what are our options

Answer 2

hemorrhage or hemolysis

Question 3

stress leukogram

Answer 3

increase segs decrease lymphs

Question 4

eosinophilia?

Answer 4

worms, wheezes, weird diseases

Question 5

neutropenia?

Answer 5

overwhelming stress, depleted them

Question 6

what do we have to remember about platelet count

Answer 6

clumps

Question 7

where are platelets produced

Answer 7

bone marrow

Question 8

best way to prevent clumps in the platelets

Answer 8

use vaccutainers to collect blood

Question 9

what is albumin

Answer 9

acute phase protein, carries Ca

Question 10

what does ammonia tell us

Answer 10

the measure of hepatic function. its supposed to get converted to urea in the liver

Question 11

low glucose?

Answer 11

liver damage- check
insulinoma- check pancreas-amy/lip
sepsis
fasting

Question 12

what do we look at to assess renal

Answer 12

creat
BUN
UA

low Alb
inc phos
inc K
inc amy/lip from decrease GFR

Question 13

what to remember about our mineral CA, P, Mg

Answer 13

all attach to albumin, look to alb if low

Question 14

inc phos?

Answer 14

look to BUN creat, could be renal

Question 15

what electrolytes move together

Answer 15

Na and Cl should move together

Question 16

formula to correct chloride

Answer 16

avg Na/msrd Na x msrd Cl

Question 17

liver injury

Answer 17

ALT
AST
SDH

Question 18

liver function

Answer 18

alb
BUN
glucose
coag factors
fib
ammonia
bile acids

Question 19

cholestasis markers

Answer 19

alp
ggt
bili
UA

Question 20

EPI

Answer 20

decrease cobalamin
increase folate

Question 21

what are the three sources of laboratory errors

Answer 21

preanalytical-vets
analytical
post analytical-incorrect interpretation or RI false

Question 22

what tube type can cause increase K

Answer 22

edta

Question 23

what tube will chelate Ca

Answer 23

blue top

Question 24

CBC results that there is no glucose yet the animal is not clinical

Answer 24

red blood cells will eat up the glucose

Question 25

what top do we need for coag times

Answer 25

light blue

Question 26

what tubes can be used for chemistry

Answer 26

red, yellow, green

Question 27

what do we use purple tops for

Answer 27

CBC

Question 28

what are the things you need to remember about doing cytology in house

Answer 28

always wear gloves when touching the slides
provide history if sending out
appropriately describe the location of the lesion

Question 29

what type of blood do you put in the procyte cbc

Answer 29

purple top

Question 30

what to remember about the procyte scatterplots

Answer 30

look for trends, dont trust straight lines- do a manual count, rerun if things are weird

Question 31

why are reference labs better

Answer 31

QC ensures quality results and they have specialist to look over results

Question 32

thrombocytopenia?

Answer 32

SPUD

Question 33

azotemia?

Answer 33

pre renal, renal, post renal

check UA,
shock? decreased renal perfusion? cushings?

Question 34

what do we look at to start worrying about mineralization

Answer 34

if P x Ca is greater than 80ish

Question 35

titrational acidosis

Answer 35

decreased co2
increased AG

KLUE- ketone, lactate, uremic, ethylene glycol

Question 36

what causes inc P and dec Ca in renal disease

Answer 36

secondary renal hyperparathyroidism