Toxicology Flashcards
toxicology
the study of adverse effects of chemicals and physical agents on people, animal, and other living organisms
what does poison hemlock contain that water hemlock does not
coniiine
poison hemlock
respiratory failure in humans and animals due to the blockage of nicotine receptors
water hemlock
contains cicutoxin that blocks GABA receptors and lead to the seizures and eventual respiratory failure
toxin
toxic substances produced by naturally occurring substancest
toxicant
man-made substances with toxic effects
who is known for the saying “all substances are poison…”
philippus bombastus
mechanism of toxicity
a molecule binds reversibly to a cellular receptor
a non-toxic chemical that is bio activated to a reactive metabolite that covalently bonds to macromolecule
common routes of exposure
ingestion
inhalation
dermal
injection
risk assessment procedure
risk characterisation
hazard identitifcation
exposure assessment
dose-response assessment
risk management
graded dose response
relates the dose to the intensity of the effect
quantal dose response
relates dose to frequency of effect
