Toxicology Flashcards
1
Q
Precipitation of digoxin toxicity
A
- Hypokalaemia
- Hypomagnesaemia
- Increasing age
- Renal failure
- hypercalcaemia,
- myocardial ischemia,
- hypoxemia
- acid-base disturbances.
Drugs:
- Verapamil
- Diltiazem
- Amiodarone
2
Q
Precipitation of serotonin syndrome
A
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Tramadol
- Linezolid
3
Q
Causes of folate deficiency
A
- Nutritional deficiency, particularly in alcoholics or anyone who does not eat green leafy vegetables or overcooks their vegetables
- Pregnancy
- Hemolysis, psoriasis, or any other disease with high cell production and turnover
- Phenytoin, which accelerates folate metabolism and contributes to deficiency
4
Q
Opioid agonists that can be used for managing opioid withdrawal
A
- methadone
- buprenorphine
5
Q
Charcoal does not bind to some substances
A
- Pesticides
- Heavy metals
- Acid/alkali/alcohol
- Iron
- Lithium
- Solvents
(mnemonic: PHAILS)
7
Q
Agents for which alkaline diuresis may enhance elimination
A
- Salicylates
- Methotrexate
- Barbiturates
- Phenobarbital
- Sulfonamides
8
Q
Drugs that can be cleared with haemodialysis
A
Drugs that can be cleared with haemodialysis
mnemonic: C BLAST
- Carbamazepine
- Barbiturate
- Lithium
- Alcohol, Atenolol
- Salicylates, sodium valproate
- Theophyllines (charcoal haemoperfusion is preferable)
9
Q
Drugs which cannot be cleared with haemodialysis
A
Drugs which cannot be cleared with haemodialysis
- tricyclics
- benzodiazepines
- dextropropoxyphene (Co-proxamol)
- digoxin
- beta-blockers
