Pharmacology causes Flashcards
1
Q
Drugs not crossing the blood brain barrier
A
- Aminoglycosides
- erythromycin
- tetracyclines
- clindamycin
- first-generation cephalosporins (eg, cefazolin)
2
Q
Medications that interfere with folic acid metabolism
A
- methotrexate
- sulfasalazine
- phenytoin
- pyrimethamine
3
Q
Causes of B12 deficiency
A
- Pernicious anemia
- Chronic pancreatitis (pancreatic enzymes are needed to detach B12 from R-proteins)
- Celiac disease, Whipple disease, tropic sprue, or anything else that affects the terminal ileum, leading to malabsorption
- Nutritional deficiency
4
Q
Urinary retention
A
- tricyclic antidepressants
- anticholinergics
- opioids
5
Q
Drugs that should be avoided during breastfeeding
A
- antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulphonamides
- psychiatric drugs: lithium, benzodiazepines
- aspirin
- carbimazole
- methotrexate
- sulfonylureas
- cytotoxic drugs
- amiodarone
6
Q
Drugs that can be given to mothers who are breastfeeding
A
- antibiotics: penicillins, cephalosporins, trimethoprim
- endocrine: glucocorticoids (avoid high doses), levothyroxine
- epilepsy: sodium valproate, carbamazepine
- asthma: salbutamol, theophyllines
- psychiatric drugs: tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics
- hypertension: beta-blockers, hydralazine
- anticoagulants: warfarin, heparin
- digoxin
7
Q
Fluid retention
A
- ciclosporin
- pioglitazone
- corticosteroids
8
Q
High intensity statins
A
- Atorvastatin, 40-80 mg/d
- Rosuvastatin 20-40 mg/d
