Toxicology

Question 1

Peak

Answer 1

The highest point at which the concentration in the blood is highest
- Amount of drug absorbed and distributed is greater than the amount metabolized and excreted

Question 2

the lowest concentration achieved just before the next dose is administered

Answer 2

Trough

Question 3

Amount of drug absorbed and distributed equals amount metabolized and excreted

Answer 3

Steady state

Question 4

Is the time required for the concentration of the drug to decrease by half

Answer 4

Half-life

Question 5

Drug dose that produces adverse effect in 50% of the population

Answer 5

TD50

Question 6

Drug dose that produces beneficial effect in 50% of the population

Answer 6

ED50

Question 7

the ratio between TD50 and ED50

Answer 7

Therapeutic Index

Question 8

True or False: A wide Therapeutic Index is safer

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Lowest concentration of drug in the blood that will produce adverse response

Answer 9

MTC (Minimum Toxic Concentration

Question 10

Lowest concentration of drug in the blood that will produce desired effect

Answer 10

MEC (Minimum Effective Concentration)

Question 11

Range of values between MEC and MTC that produce a therapeutic effect

Answer 11

Therapeutic Range

Question 12

-Used as a semi-quantitative screening test

Answer 12

Thin-Layer Chromatography

Question 13

is the distance migrated by a sample component divided by the distance migrated by the solvent

Answer 13

Rf

Question 14

Instrumentation used for insufficiently volatile and thermolabile compounds

Answer 14

Liquid Chromatography

Question 15

Instrumentation used for useful compounds that are naturally volatile or can easily be converted into volatiole form

Question 15

Instrumentation used for useful compounds that are naturally volatile or can easily be converted into volatiole form

Answer 15

Gas Chromatography

Question 16

Common detector system in GC or HPLC

Answer 16

Mass Spectrometry

Question 17

termed as drug or fate of drugs in the body

Answer 17

Pharmacokinetics

Question 18

diffusion out of the vasculature unto the interstitial and intracellular spaces

Answer 18

Distribution

Question 19

Hepatic uptake and enzymatic biotransformation during passage through the liver

Answer 19

Metabolism

Question 20

Elimination through hepatic or renal clearance or a combination of the two

Answer 20

Excretion

Question 21

-Mechanism of action of drug to target cells
-Biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and the mechanisms of their actions

Answer 21

Pharmacodynamics

Question 22

[Antiarrhythmics] block sodium channels

Answer 22

Class I (Lidocaine, Quinidine, Procainamide)

Question 23

[Antiarrhythmics] Block adrenergic receptors

Answer 23

Class II (Propanolol)

Question 24

[Antiarrhythmics] block potassium channels

Answer 24

Class III (Amiodarone)

Question 25

[Antiarrhythmics] block calcium channels

Answer 25

Class IV (Verapamil)