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MTAP CC2 > Clinical Endocrinology > Flashcards

Clinical Endocrinology Flashcards

1
Q

Action of GnRH

A

Stimulates release of FSH and LH

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2
Q

Action of CRH

A

Stimulates release of ACTH

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3
Q

Action of TRH

A

Stimulates release of TSH

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4
Q

Action of GhRH

A

Stimulates release of GH

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5
Q

Action of Somatostatin

A

Inhibits release of GH and TSH

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6
Q

Action of Dopamine (Prolactin-Inhibiting Factor)

A

Inhibits release of Prolactin

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7
Q

Connects the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

A

Infundibulum

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8
Q

[Anterior Pituitary] Cells that secrete GH

A

Somatotrophs

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9
Q

[Anterior Pituitary] cells that secrete PRL

A

Lactotrophs

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10
Q

[Anterior Pituitary] cells that secrete TSH

A

Thyrotrophs

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11
Q

[Anterior Pituitary] cells that secrete FSH and LH

A

Gonadotrophs

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12
Q

[Anterior Pituitary] cells that secrete ACTH

A

Corticotrophs

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13
Q

Target tissue of FSH and LH

A

Gonads

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14
Q

Target tissue of ACTH

A

Adrenal cortex

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15
Q

Target tissue of TSH

A

Thyroid

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16
Q

Target tissue of Prolactin

A

Breasts

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17
Q

What are the thyroid hormones?

A

(T4) Thyroxine, (T3) Triiodothyronine, (Reverse T3), Calcitonin

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18
Q

The most important test of thyroid function

A

TSH

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19
Q
  • Useful in assessing the metabolic activity of the thyroid and in the evaluation and treatment of thyroid cancer
  • measures thyroidal uptake of radioactive iodine
A

Radioactive iodine uptake

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20
Q

Very sensitive marker for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

21
Q

Positive in 85% of patients with Grave’s disease

A

TRAb/TSHRAb

22
Q

A gland that produces steroid hormones

A

Adrenal cortex

23
Q

Which part of the adrenal gland is aldosterone secreted from?

A

Zona glomerulosa

24
Q

Function of aldosterone

A

Blood pressure and electrolyte regulation

25
Q

Target site of aldosterone

26
Q

Cortisol
source:
Target site:
Function:

A

source: Zona fasciculata
Target site: Whole body
Function: CHO metabolism, CHON metabolism, and lipid metabolism

27
Q

Sex steroids
source:
Target site:
Function:

A

source: Zona reticularis
Target site: Gonads, bones, skeletal muscles
Function: Precursor to active androgens; growth and maturation

28
Q

Produces catecholamines

A

Adrenal medulla

29
Q

Epinephrine
Target site:
Function:

A

Target site: sympathetic NS, liver, muscle, adipose (sites of glucose and lipid metabolism)
Function: Stimulates sympathetic nerves, promotes glycogenolysis and lipolysis

30
Q

Norepinephrine
Target site:
Function:

A

Target site: Sympathetic NS

Function: Stimulates sympathetic nerves

31
Q

What is the other name for Growth Hormone?

A

Somatotropin

32
Q

An anteric hormone that plays an important role in nutrient sensing, appetite and glucose regulation, which is also a potent stimulator of GH secretion.

33
Q

is where boys and men are born with an extra X chromosome

A

Klinefelter syndrome (Hypogonadism)

34
Q

What is hPL hormone?

A

Human Placental Lactogen

35
Q

[Tumor Marker] Hepatocellular carcinoma

36
Q

[Tumor Marker] breast carcinoma

37
Q

[Tumor Marker] pancreatic carcinoma

38
Q

[Tumor Marker] gastric carcinoma

39
Q

[Tumor Marker] ovarian carcinoma

40
Q

[Tumor Marker] lung carcinoma

A

CYFRA 21-1

41
Q

[Tumor Marker] breast carcinoma

42
Q

[Tumor Marker] pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma

A

Catecholamines

43
Q

[Tumor Marker] prostatic carcinoma

44
Q

[Tumor Marker] urinary bladder carcinoma

A

Nuclear Matrix Protein

45
Q

[Tumor Marker]
Females: gestational trophoblastic disorders, choriocarcinoma, teratoma, hydatidiform mole
Males: Testicular carcinoma or seminoma

46
Q

a test that relies on biochemistry to measure the presence and/or concentration of an analyte

A

Immunoassay

47
Q

an analytical technique used to separate, identify or quantify each component in a mixture. The mixture is separated using the basic principle of column chromatography and then identified and quantified by spectroscopy

A

HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography)

48
Q

A laboratory method that uses antibodies to check for certain antigens (markers) in a sample of tissue. The antibodies are usually linked to an enzyme or a fluorescent dye.

A

Immunohistochemistry

49
Q

any laboratory technique that measures enzyme activity within a sample.

A

Enzyme assays

MTAP CC2 (7 decks)

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