Toxic plant principles - Acids

Question 1

Tannic acid MOA

Answer 1

precipitate proteins = tissue damage (GI, Kidney)

Question 2

Triterpene acids plants (2)

Answer 2

Lantana (R), Yellow sage (L)

Question 3

What is a fancy name for precipitating proteins? What toxin am I refering to?

Answer 3

Astringent

Tannic acids

Question 4

Soluble oxalate MOA

Answer 4

hypocalcemia, precipitation of insoluble Ca = soft tissue and kidney damage

*Ca has greater affinity to oxalate and displaces Na or K

Question 5

Quinones CS

Answer 5

Erythema, pruitus, necrosis, 2˚ bacterial infections.

Question 6

Soluble oxalate plants (2)

Answer 6

Halogeton; Greasewod (pictured)

Question 7

Triterpene acids MOA

Answer 7

2˚ photosensitization (liver damage - phylloerthrin)

Question 8

Tannic acids plant

Answer 8

Oak tree (big waxy leaves)

Question 9

Tannic acid CS

Answer 9

Hemorrhagic G.E., severe kidney/liver damaged

general: colic, depression, constipation, icterus, hemoglobinurea

Question 10

Isocupressic plants

Answer 10

Ponderosa pine (looks like pine tree…) and cypress

Question 11

Triterpene acids CS

Answer 11

Liver damage = icterus

Photosensitization = photophobia, erythema, swlling, necrosis, sloughing

General = depression, anorexia, constipation, diarrhea

Question 12

Isocupressice MOA

Answer 12

vasoconstriction, and decreased uterine blood flow

Results in abortion

Question 13

Quinones acid plants

Answer 13

St. Johns wort (L); Buckweat (R)

Question 14

Soluble oxalate plants (2)

Answer 14

Halogeton (pictured); Greasewood

Question 15

Quinones MOA

Answer 15

1˚ Photosensiization

(reqs. photodynamic substance, sunlight, depigmented areas)

Question 16

Insosluble Ca oxalate plants

Answer 16

theres a ton…

chinese evergreen, elephant ears, flamingo plant, jack-in-pulpit, cuckoo-pint, calacium, dumbcane, pothos, dvil’s ivy, swiss cheese plant, lily

Question 17

Insoluble Ca oxalate MOA

Answer 17

mechanical - needle shaped crystals irritate mucosa, throat, tongue.

proteolytic enzymes - release of histamine and kinins

Death- suffocation (2˚ to proteolytic enzymes and swelling of airways)