TOV Questions Flashcards
Why were the people of Germany outraged by the terms of the Treaty of Versailles
(+++)
P: It was humiliating.
- War guilt clause, did not think they were responsible for war
- reduction in army to 100,000 people and german military used to be a source of pride
P2: Lost a lot of land (over 10% of its European territory and 10% of its population).
- Industrial areas like saar,
- lost colonies in Africa and the Middle East
- Lost land to newly created countries like Poland which meant that Germans in foreign countries
Why did Wilson want a ‘league of nations’
P: prevent war
- organisation were members regularly meet to discuss and settle disputes will prevent future war
- organisation which promoted things like disarmament will prevent countries having military capacity to invade others
P2: Create a better world
- LON will encourage international co-operation, business and trade
- LON will help with humanitarian issues like slavery, working conditions etc.
Why was Lloyd George generally satisfied with the peace treaties
P: because it was moderate
- punished Germany without destroying it’s economy, meant that GB would still have a strong trading partner (GER was GB biggest trading partner pre war)
- meant that GER strong enough to hold off threat of communism
P2: it suited GBs interests
- GB gained GER colonies in the Middle East
- GER navy no longer a threat
Why did Lloyd George find it difficult to achieve his aims at the Paris peace negotiations?
P: Because Clemenceau was extreme
- wanted a moderate settlement but FR wanted revenge and Clemenceau was chair of conference
- eg, FR wanted GER split into many smaller states and v high reparations but GB wanted GER strong enough to fight communism and able to be a trading partner
P2: Because of WW 14 points
- WW points had given people false expectations of what the treaties should be like but they were too idealistic
- eg self-determination for all people could mean that Austria + GER unite which was unacceptable
Why was the Treaty of Sèvres replaced by the Treaty of Lausanne
Why was the Treaty of Sèvres renegotiated? [6] S2016/13
Why was there discussion about the status of Danzig at the Paris Peace Conference?
P: Danzig had economic importance
- Important sea port, had been a thriving German port before WWI
- Loss of this area would affect GER economically
- Poland also needed access to a sea port for external trade
P2 Danzig had political importance
- Poland recreated after WWI and Danzig would fall under new Poland geographically
- Danzig mainly German population > and transfer to Poland could cause great resentment and an unstable situation politically
Why did Lloyd George believe that a moderate peace settlement with Germany was in British interests?
P: moderate peace treaty would have economic benefits for GB
- wanted GER economy to improve so they can continue to be trading partners
- If GER lost Rhineland/reparations were too high, they would not be able to buy GB goods
P moderate peace settlement would have political benefits for GB
- moderate settlement means Germany strong enough to fight threat of communism in EU
- did not want FR to become too powerful and so needed a reasonably strong Germany to keep it in check
- too harsh a settlement would lead to hostility, attempts to overturn the treaty and further war
Why did Lloyd George believe that a moderate peace settlement with Germany was in British interests?
P: moderate peace treaty would have economic benefits for GB
- wanted GER economy to improve so they can continue to be trading partners
- If GER lost Rhineland/reparations were too high, they would not be able to buy GB goods
P moderate peace settlement would have political benefits for GB
- moderate settlement means Germany strong enough to fight threat of communism in EU
- did not want FR to become too powerful and so needed a reasonably strong Germany to keep it in check
- too harsh a settlement would lead to hostility, attempts to overturn the treaty and further war
