tourism gateway 2 - why is tourism subjected to fluctuations Flashcards
events that fluctuate tourism?
- disasters
- recessions
- political situations
- diseases
how do disasters affect tourism?
they pose greater risks to the safety of tourists and may disrupt tourist infrastructure
e.g by the end of 2011, Japan’s tourist arrivals decreased by 28% due to a severe earthquake in March that caused a nuclear meltdown in the Tohoku region.
how do recessions affect tourism?
recessions are a period of slowdown in economic activities, increasing unemployment rates, resulting in a decline in demand for goods and services. However, domestic travel may increase.
e.g the Global Financial Crisis that started when major financial firms went bankrupt in 2007 and 2008. This affected many countries and their economies, causing them to shrink or slowdown. The number of international tourists in France decreased by 15.5% by May 2009.
how do political situations affect tourism?
Political situations pose dangers to tourists and residents, potentially disrupting services and causing damage to infrastructure. Government authorities may issue travel advisories. A country that experienced unfavourable political situations must rebuild their reputation by promotions, new infrastructure and improved tourist conditions.
e.g most governments banned travel to Libya in 2011 due to a civil war that posed a threat to civilian lives, Between march to October 2011, there were no commercial flights to Libya.
how do diseases affect tourism?
Tourists do not want to risk getting infected by the disease and governments may issue travel advisories
e.g the SARS outbreak in 2003 killed 775 people and infected more than 8000 people in 25 coutries. This outbreak led to a decrease in hotel occupancy rate in Hong Kong, dropping to 15% in May 2003.
or if you wna use smth more current,
e.g the COVID-19 outbreak infected 219 million and killed 4.49 million worldwide as of August 2021, while hotel occupancy rates in Singapore decreased by 85.7% in 2020
