Tourism Flashcards
What are the main reasons for the rise in tourism
improved pay and leave allowances - most workers now work less than 40 hours a week and have paid annual leave
decrease in the relative cost of holidays
greater range of destinations
increased business travel due to globalisation
improved disposable incomes - normally both partners work, and this increases incoming money to the household
it is easier than ever to cross borders with agreements between countries
transport is faster and cheaper than in the past
communication - internet, social media etc. bring awareness of foreign destinations, booking of last-minute holidays etc.
Social impacts of global tourism
Positive
It can help revive local skills and handicrafts
Cultural tourism values people’s heritage
Tourism brings people together from all over the world
It can spread the range of social facilities for local people
Major international events (Olympics) can have a positive effect locally and nationally - improved infrastructure etc.
Develops foreign language skills
Ancient sites are brought to global attention helping to preserve historical legacies
It might encourage migration to major tourist-generating countries
Negative
Loss of locally owned land
Tourist behaviour can offend local people (drinking etc.)
Tourist centres encourage crime, prostitution etc.
Displacement of people
Abuse of human rights
Can erode local language and traditional values
Loss of access to local sites - beaches, forests etc
Visitor congestion at key locations
Economic impacts of the rise in tourism
Positive
Brings money into the country’s economy
Creates jobs for local people
Brings new infrastructure to the region
Provides tax revenues
Provides employment to poorer rural areas
Can create openings for small businesses and support jobs in the informal sector
Negative
Money often goes to big businesses and not locally
Often low-paid, menial, seasonal work
Mass tourism causes congestion, pollution affects local businesses
Economic leakages are high
Money borrowed to invest in tourism can increase national debt
Large holiday resorts encourage tourists to spend most of their money in the hotel complexes, excluding the wider community
Environmental impacts of the rise in global tourism
Positive
Can increase awareness of nature conservation areas
Money from tourism can be used to protect and repair the environment - better water supplies
Tourism may help preserve key areas or species and prevent illegal trade and exploitation of nature
Tourism helps fund conservation activities, therefore improving sustainable practices and environmental legislation - national parks
Negative
The local environment can be bulldozed and concreted over
Tourism creates local pollution issues - waste, littering
Tourist activity can disturb or damage habitats and wildlife- water skiing damaging coral reefs, ivory poaching
Increased greenhouse gas emissions from flights
What is ecotourism?
A form of tourism involving visiting undisturbed and fragile natural areas whilst having a low-impact and being smaller scale than commercial tourism. STEWARDSHIP and CONSERVATION
What is Stewardship? What is Conservation?
Stewardship is careful and sustainable management of the environment on a large scale across regions/nations etc.
Conservation is more localised in its nature, local people involved
What are the principles of ecotourism
Involve local communities in the development of it
Reduce the negative impact on the environment
Respect the rights of the local people
