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Neuroscience 1 > Topography of the Brain > Flashcards

Topography of the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

conus medularis

A

tapering of the spinal cord

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2
Q

filum terminale interna

A

continuation of the pia mater from the end of the conus

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3
Q

cauda equina

A

lumbar and sacral nerve roots arising from the conus

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4
Q

dorsolateral and ventrolateral sulci

A

small grooves on the dorsolateral and ventrolateral portions of the spinal cord where the nerve roots exit

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5
Q

anterior median sulcus

A

runs on the anterior spine w/ anterior spinal artery

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6
Q

dorsal median sulcus

A

very small

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7
Q

dorsal, lateral, ventral funiculus

A

dorsal- between dorsal median and dosalateral sulci

lateral- between dosallateral and ventrolateral sulci

ventral- between ventrolateral and ventral median sulci

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8
Q

dorsal columns

A

found in dorsal funiculus- contains specific sensation to brain

damage causes loss of sensation

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9
Q

substantia gelatinosa

A

posterior portion or dorsal horn- pain

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10
Q

pons

A

ventral protuberance just above brainste,

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11
Q

medulla

A

portion of the brainstem that runs from the spinal cord to the pons

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12
Q

inferior olive

A

large protuberance on ventrolateral medulla

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13
Q

postolivary and preolivary sulci

A

sulci on either side of the inferior olive

post- gives rise to the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves

pre- gives rise to hypoglossal nerve

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14
Q

medullary pyramids

A

run the length of the medulla on either side of midline

important for voluntary and skilled movements of the limbs

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15
Q

pyramidal decussatoin

A

crossing of pyramidal fibers

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16
Q

where do CN 6 7 and 8 exit the brain stem?

A

caudal end of the pons- medial 6 7 8 lateral

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17
Q

where does the trigeminal nerve emerge?

A

ventral pons

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18
Q

cerebral peduncles

A

nerve fibers leaving the cortex and going to brainstem/spinal cord allowing contralateral control

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19
Q

interpenduncular fossa

A

depression in between the cerebral peduncles

contains oculomotor nerve`

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20
Q

folia

A

small transverse folds on the cerebellum

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21
Q

primary fissure

A

separates anterior and posterior cerebellum

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22
Q

vermis

A

midline portion of cerebellum

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23
Q

flocculus/nodulus

A

small lobes on the ventral cerebellum between the cerebellum and medulla

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24
Q

inferior peduncle

restiform body

A

connects dorsolateral side of medulla to cerebellum

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25
middle cerebellar peduncle (brachium pontis)
connects basal pons to cerebellum
26
superior cerebellar peduncle
connects cerbellum to rostral brainstem
27
fourth ventricle
seperates cerebellum from dorsal brain stem
28
formina of luschka and magendie
CSF leaves 4th ventricle to subarachnoids space through these areas
29
obex
triangular, caudal most point of 4th ventricle
30
gracile and cunete tubercles
gracile is medial, dorsal medulla represent upward continuation of the dorsal columns
31
facial colliclus
prominence in the floor of 4th ventricle representing abducens nucleus
32
vestibular trigone
prominence in the floor of 4th ventricle representing vestibular nuclei
33
corpora quadrigemina
dorsal surface of the midbrain has 4 bumps
34
inferior colliculus
corpora quadrigemina- contains hearing nuclei
35
superior colliculus
visual and other reflexes | corpora quadrigemina
36
brachium of the superior and inferior colliculi
small lateral ridges running from the nuclei
37
diencephalon
connects brainstep to forebrain consists of thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
38
mammillary bodies
2 prominences on posterior hypothalamus
39
infundibulum
funnel to the pituitary gland from the hypothalamus
40
lamina terminalis
on rostral side of infundibulum, connecting infundiubulm to optic chiasm end site of anterior neuropore
41
epithalamus
dorsal side of diencephalon, immediately rostral to corpora qudrigemia consists of pineal gland
42
habenular nuclei
pineal gland is connected anteriorly to these nuclei
43
medial and lateral geniculate nuclei
posterior portions of the the thalamus that appear as bumps on either side of the pineal gland medial connected to superior colliculi and lateral connected to inferior colliculi
44
hypothalamic sulcus
hypothalamus makes up the ventral wall of third ventricle sulcus runs anterior to posterior on ventral wall
45
thalamus
immediately dorsal to hypothalamus relay station for input into cortex
46
thalamic adhesoin
small connection b/t 2 thalamic nuclei
47
stria medullaris thalami
ridge inside 3rd ventricle running anterior to posteior- comes to an end posteriorly at habenula
48
telcenephalon
forebrain cerebral cortex, basal ganglia
49
sylvian fissure
divides inferior frontal lobe from superior temporal
50
central sulcus
divides posterior frontal lobe from anterior parietal
51
parieto-occipital sulcus
divides parietal and occipital lobes
52
precentral gyrus
primary motor cortex- found just anterior to central sulcus
53
postcentral gyrus
primary somatosensory cortex- found just posterior to central sulcus
54
homunculi
sensory/motor maps that depict approximate locatoins of neurons connected to specific body regions
55
parahippocampal gyrus
located on the ventral temporal lobe adjacent to the brain stem- associated w/ memory
56
amygdala
involved in conditioned stress, fear, and anxiety, found beneath the anterior aspect of parahippocampal gyrus
57
transverse gyri (heschl)
primary auditory cortex found on the lateral temporal lobe
58
calcarine sulcus
runs from posterior occipital lobe medially towards parieto-occipital sulcus
59
premotor cortex
anterior to precentral gyrus involved in planning and initiating movement
60
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
executive functions, working memory, planning, recall. problem solving
61
orbitomedial prefrontal cortex
impulse control, personality, reactivity to surroundings, mood
62
insula
found inside the lateral fissure
63
corpus callosum
forebrain- the connection between the 2 hemispheres
64
rostrum
anterior corpus callosum
65
genu
anterior bend in corpus callosum
66
splenium
posterior corpus callosum
67
cingulate gyrus
follows corpus callosum on dorsal aspect
68
subcallosal region
continuous w/ cingulate gyrus that wraps around rostrum
69
septum pellucdum
thin membrane that separates the two lateral ventricles
70
fornix
originating in the inferior most portion of the septum pellucidum, follows the lateral ventricle. at the rostral septum pellucium, fornix swings ventrally towrds hypothalamus
71
anteiorr commissure
small tract adjacent to fonix that connects anterior temporal lobs
72
foramen of monroe
opening inferior to fornix so spinal fluid can pass from lateral ventricle to third ventricle
73
choroid plexus
responsible for production of CSF
74
floor of the lateral ventricle
dorsal thalamus
75
caudate nucleus
part of floor of the lateral ventricle part of basal ganglia involved in regulating motor function
76
stria terminalis
thin band between thalamus and caudate nucleus connecting amygdala and hypothalamus

Neuroscience 1 (13 decks)

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