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Neuroscience 1 > Topography of the Brain > Flashcards

Topography of the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

conus medularis

A

tapering of the spinal cord

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2
Q

filum terminale interna

A

continuation of the pia mater from the end of the conus

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3
Q

cauda equina

A

lumbar and sacral nerve roots arising from the conus

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4
Q

dorsolateral and ventrolateral sulci

A

small grooves on the dorsolateral and ventrolateral portions of the spinal cord where the nerve roots exit

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5
Q

anterior median sulcus

A

runs on the anterior spine w/ anterior spinal artery

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6
Q

dorsal median sulcus

A

very small

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7
Q

dorsal, lateral, ventral funiculus

A

dorsal- between dorsal median and dosalateral sulci

lateral- between dosallateral and ventrolateral sulci

ventral- between ventrolateral and ventral median sulci

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8
Q

dorsal columns

A

found in dorsal funiculus- contains specific sensation to brain

damage causes loss of sensation

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9
Q

substantia gelatinosa

A

posterior portion or dorsal horn- pain

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10
Q

pons

A

ventral protuberance just above brainste,

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11
Q

medulla

A

portion of the brainstem that runs from the spinal cord to the pons

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12
Q

inferior olive

A

large protuberance on ventrolateral medulla

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13
Q

postolivary and preolivary sulci

A

sulci on either side of the inferior olive

post- gives rise to the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves

pre- gives rise to hypoglossal nerve

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14
Q

medullary pyramids

A

run the length of the medulla on either side of midline

important for voluntary and skilled movements of the limbs

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15
Q

pyramidal decussatoin

A

crossing of pyramidal fibers

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16
Q

where do CN 6 7 and 8 exit the brain stem?

A

caudal end of the pons- medial 6 7 8 lateral

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17
Q

where does the trigeminal nerve emerge?

A

ventral pons

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18
Q

cerebral peduncles

A

nerve fibers leaving the cortex and going to brainstem/spinal cord allowing contralateral control

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19
Q

interpenduncular fossa

A

depression in between the cerebral peduncles

contains oculomotor nerve`

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20
Q

folia

A

small transverse folds on the cerebellum

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21
Q

primary fissure

A

separates anterior and posterior cerebellum

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22
Q

vermis

A

midline portion of cerebellum

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23
Q

flocculus/nodulus

A

small lobes on the ventral cerebellum between the cerebellum and medulla

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24
Q

inferior peduncle

restiform body

A

connects dorsolateral side of medulla to cerebellum

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25
Q

middle cerebellar peduncle (brachium pontis)

A

connects basal pons to cerebellum

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26
Q

superior cerebellar peduncle

A

connects cerbellum to rostral brainstem

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27
Q

fourth ventricle

A

seperates cerebellum from dorsal brain stem

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28
Q

formina of luschka and magendie

A

CSF leaves 4th ventricle to subarachnoids space through these areas

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29
Q

obex

A

triangular, caudal most point of 4th ventricle

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30
Q

gracile and cunete tubercles

A

gracile is medial, dorsal medulla

represent upward continuation of the dorsal columns

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31
Q

facial colliclus

A

prominence in the floor of 4th ventricle representing abducens nucleus

32
Q

vestibular trigone

A

prominence in the floor of 4th ventricle representing vestibular nuclei

33
Q

corpora quadrigemina

A

dorsal surface of the midbrain has 4 bumps

34
Q

inferior colliculus

A

corpora quadrigemina- contains hearing nuclei

35
Q

superior colliculus

A

visual and other reflexes

corpora quadrigemina

36
Q

brachium of the superior and inferior colliculi

A

small lateral ridges running from the nuclei

37
Q

diencephalon

A

connects brainstep to forebrain

consists of thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

38
Q

mammillary bodies

A

2 prominences on posterior hypothalamus

39
Q

infundibulum

A

funnel to the pituitary gland from the hypothalamus

40
Q

lamina terminalis

A

on rostral side of infundibulum, connecting infundiubulm to optic chiasm

end site of anterior neuropore

41
Q

epithalamus

A

dorsal side of diencephalon, immediately rostral to corpora qudrigemia

consists of pineal gland

42
Q

habenular nuclei

A

pineal gland is connected anteriorly to these nuclei

43
Q

medial and lateral geniculate nuclei

A

posterior portions of the the thalamus that appear as bumps on either side of the pineal gland

medial connected to superior colliculi and lateral connected to inferior colliculi

44
Q

hypothalamic sulcus

A

hypothalamus makes up the ventral wall of third ventricle

sulcus runs anterior to posterior on ventral wall

45
Q

thalamus

A

immediately dorsal to hypothalamus

relay station for input into cortex

46
Q

thalamic adhesoin

A

small connection b/t 2 thalamic nuclei

47
Q

stria medullaris thalami

A

ridge inside 3rd ventricle running anterior to posteior- comes to an end posteriorly at habenula

48
Q

telcenephalon

A

forebrain

cerebral cortex, basal ganglia

49
Q

sylvian fissure

A

divides inferior frontal lobe from superior temporal

50
Q

central sulcus

A

divides posterior frontal lobe from anterior parietal

51
Q

parieto-occipital sulcus

A

divides parietal and occipital lobes

52
Q

precentral gyrus

A

primary motor cortex- found just anterior to central sulcus

53
Q

postcentral gyrus

A

primary somatosensory cortex- found just posterior to central sulcus

54
Q

homunculi

A

sensory/motor maps that depict approximate locatoins of neurons connected to specific body regions

55
Q

parahippocampal gyrus

A

located on the ventral temporal lobe adjacent to the brain stem- associated w/ memory

56
Q

amygdala

A

involved in conditioned stress, fear, and anxiety, found beneath the anterior aspect of parahippocampal gyrus

57
Q

transverse gyri (heschl)

A

primary auditory cortex found on the lateral temporal lobe

58
Q

calcarine sulcus

A

runs from posterior occipital lobe medially towards parieto-occipital sulcus

59
Q

premotor cortex

A

anterior to precentral gyrus

involved in planning and initiating movement

60
Q

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

A

executive functions, working memory, planning, recall. problem solving

61
Q

orbitomedial prefrontal cortex

A

impulse control, personality, reactivity to surroundings, mood

62
Q

insula

A

found inside the lateral fissure

63
Q

corpus callosum

A

forebrain- the connection between the 2 hemispheres

64
Q

rostrum

A

anterior corpus callosum

65
Q

genu

A

anterior bend in corpus callosum

66
Q

splenium

A

posterior corpus callosum

67
Q

cingulate gyrus

A

follows corpus callosum on dorsal aspect

68
Q

subcallosal region

A

continuous w/ cingulate gyrus that wraps around rostrum

69
Q

septum pellucdum

A

thin membrane that separates the two lateral ventricles

70
Q

fornix

A

originating in the inferior most portion of the septum pellucidum, follows the lateral ventricle. at the rostral septum pellucium, fornix swings ventrally towrds hypothalamus

71
Q

anteiorr commissure

A

small tract adjacent to fonix that connects anterior temporal lobs

72
Q

foramen of monroe

A

opening inferior to fornix so spinal fluid can pass from lateral ventricle to third ventricle

73
Q

choroid plexus

A

responsible for production of CSF

74
Q

floor of the lateral ventricle

A

dorsal thalamus

75
Q

caudate nucleus

A

part of floor of the lateral ventricle

part of basal ganglia

involved in regulating motor function

76
Q

stria terminalis

A

thin band between thalamus and caudate nucleus connecting amygdala and hypothalamus

Neuroscience 1 (13 decks)

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